119-s2904

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2904 Introduced in Senate

    (IS) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 S. 2904

 To impose sanctions with respect to the shadow fleet of the Russian 
 Federation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

 September 18 (legislative day, September 16), 2025

 Mr. Risch (for himself, Mrs. Shaheen, Mr. Cotton, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. 
 Ricketts, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Coons, Mr. Graham, and Mr. Kaine) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
 Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To impose sanctions with respect to the shadow fleet of the Russian 
 Federation, and for other purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Sanctioning 
Harborers And Dodgers Of Western Sanctions Act of 2025'' or the 
``SHADOW Fleet Sanctions Act of 2025''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
 TITLE I--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Sec. 101. Definitions.
 Subtitle A--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Shadow Fleet

 PART I--Imposition of Sanctions

Sec. 111. Imposition of sanctions with respect to vessels suspected of 
 participation in or support of the Russian 
 shadow fleet.

Sec. 112. Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons that 
 support Russian illicit shipping with 
 vessels subject to United States sanctions.

Sec. 113. Imposition of sanctions with respect to port terminals 
 accepting oil from Russian shadow fleet 
 vessels.
 PART II--Disclosures, Publications, and Reports

Sec. 121. Alignment of designation authorities with European Union and 
 United Kingdom regarding Russian shadow 
 fleet.

Sec. 122. Support of efforts of the Joint Expeditionary Force.

Sec. 123. Database of vessels involved in sabotage and other illicit 
 activities.

Sec. 124. Report on specific licenses granted under Executive Order 
 14024.
 PART III--Flag States Requirements and Strategy

Sec. 131. Minimum standards for operating as a flag state registry and 
 assessment of efforts to prevent the 
 circumvention of sanctions and other 
 crimes.

Sec. 132. Strategy for countries that do not make sufficient efforts to 
 comply with minimum standards for operating 
 as a flag state.
PART IV--Denying Access to United States Markets for Russian-Origin Oil

Sec. 141. International efforts to enforce price cap on oil exports 
 from the Russian Federation.

Sec. 142. Report on crude oil price cap.
 PART V--Other Matters

Sec. 151. International efforts to identify vessels transporting 
 Russian-origin oil.
 Subtitle B--Sanctions With Respect to Russian-Origin Energy Products

Sec. 161. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons with certain 
 interests in Russian energy projects.

Sec. 162. Modifications of Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 
 2019.

Sec. 163. Report on exports of Russian-origin petroleum products.

Sec. 164. Strategy to counter role of the People's Republic of China in 
 evasion of sanctions with respect to 
 Russian-origin petroleum products.
 Subtitle C--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Defense Industrial Base

Sec. 171. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons that sell, 
 lease, or provides good or services 
 relating to the defense industrial base of 
 the Russian Federation.
 Subtitle D--General Provisions

Sec. 181. Sanctions described.

Sec. 182. Exceptions; waivers.

Sec. 183. Implementation.
 TITLE II--OTHER MATTERS

Sec. 201. Determination with respect to Russian military actions in 
 support of Russian shadow fleet.

Sec. 202. Resources for sanctions implementation at the Department of 
 State.

Sec. 203. Modification of limitation on military cooperation between 
 the United States and the Russian 
 Federation.

Sec. 204. Emergency appropriations for the Countering Russian Influence 
 Fund.

Sec. 205. Report on presidential drawdown authority and Ukraine 
 Security Assistance Initiative.

Sec. 206. Support for Ukraine arms sales.

 TITLE I--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

 In this title:

    (1) Adequate maritime insurance.--The term ``adequate 
 maritime insurance''--
        (A) means verified documentation evidencing 
 protection and indemnity insurance with audited 
 financial statements of the insurer; and
        (B) does not include insurance provided by--
            (i) an insurer organized under the laws of 
 the Russian Federation; or
            (ii) an insurer that continues to provide 
 insurance to any vessel designated for the 
 imposition of sanctions under the laws of the 
 United States, the European Union, or the 
 United Kingdom.

    (2) Admitted; alien; lawfully admitted for permanent 
 residence.--The terms ``admitted'' and ``alien'', and 
 ``lawfully admitted for permanent residence'' have the meanings 
 given those terms in 

section 101 of the Immigration and 
 Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101).

    (3) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
 ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
        (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
 Senate; and
        (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
 Representatives.

    (4) Beneficial owner.--The term ``beneficial owner'' means, 
 with respect to a vessel, any individual who, directly or 
 indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, 
 relationship, or otherwise--
        (A) exercises substantial control over the vessel; 
 or
        (B) owns not less than 25 percent of the vessel.

    (5) Crude oil price cap.--The term ``crude oil price cap'' 
 means the price cap for crude oil and petroleum products that 
 originated in the Russian Federation established by the Price 
 Cap Coalition.

    (6) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
 individual or entity that is not a United States person.

    (7) Foreign vessel.--The term ``foreign vessel'' means a 
 vessel that is not owned or operated by a United States person.

    (8) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to 
 conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
 actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
 circumstance, or the result.

    (9) Petroleum product.--The term ``petroleum product'' 
 means oil of any kind or in any form, gasoline, diesel fuel, 
 aviation fuel, fuel oil, kerosene, any product obtained from 
 refining or processing of crude oil, liquefied petroleum gases, 
 natural gas liquids, petrochemical feedstocks, condensate, 
 waste or refuse mixtures containing any of such oil products, 
 and any other liquid hydrocarbon compounds.

    (10) Price cap coalition.--The term ``Price Cap Coalition'' 
 means the international coalition made up of Australia, New 
 Zealand, Canada, the European Union, France, Germany, Italy, 
 Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States and known as 
 the ``Price Cap Coalition''.

    (11) Russian-origin petroleum product.--The term ``Russian-
 origin petroleum product'' means a petroleum product extracted, 
 refined, processed, or otherwise produced in the Russian 
 Federation.

    (12) Russian person.--The term ``Russian person'' means--
        (A) a citizen or national of the Russian 
 Federation; or
        (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
 Russian Federation or otherwise subject to the 
 jurisdiction of the Government of the Russian 
 Federation.

    (13) Russian shadow fleet.--The term ``Russian shadow 
 fleet'' means any foreign vessel or vessels used or directed by 
 the Russian Federation to move oil, arms, and other goods for 
 the purpose of circumventing international sanctions.

    (14) Sabotage activities.--The term ``sabotage activities'' 
 means actions, or preparations for actions, taken with the 
 intent to cause defective production, operation, or damage to 
 critical undersea infrastructure, including energy pipelines, 
 offshore energy facilities, or subsea power lines and 
 telecommunications cables and associated landing stations and 
 facilities.

    (15) United states person.--The term ``United States 
 person'' means--
        (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
 admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
        (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
 United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
 States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; 
 or
            (C) a person in the United States.

 Subtitle A--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Shadow Fleet

 PART I--IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS

SEC. 111. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO VESSELS SUSPECTED OF 
 PARTICIPATION IN OR SUPPORT OF THE RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in 

section 181 with respect to any Russian shadow fleet 
vessel that, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
transports crude oil, arms, or other goods for the purpose of 
circumventing sanctions imposed by the United States or other 
countries, including--

    (1) any foreign vessel the owner or operator of which 
 knowingly--
        (A) exhibits or engages in unsafe or nonstandard 
 maritime behavior in furtherance of the transportation 
 of Russian-origin petroleum products or uranium or coal 
 that originated in the Russian Federation;
        (B) lacks adequate maritime insurance for the 
 transport of goods described in subparagraph
        (A) ; or
            (C) evades compliance with the crude oil price cap; 
 and

    (2) any foreign person that the President determines 
 knowingly--
        (A) owns, operates, or manages a vessel described 
 in paragraph

    (1) ;
        (B) provides underwriting services or insurance or 
 reinsurance necessary for such a vessel;
            (C) facilitates deceptive or structured 
 transactions to support a vessel described in paragraph

    (1) ;
            (D) provides services or facilities for technology 
 upgrades or installation of equipment for, or 
 retrofitting or tethering of, a vessel described in 
 paragraph

    (1) for the purpose of evading sanctions;
        (E) provided services for the testing, inspection, 
 or certification for a vessel described in paragraph

    (1) for the purpose of evading sanctions;
        (F) serves as a captain or senior leadership of the 
 crew of such a vessel; or
        (G) transfers to the Russian Federation any foreign 
 vessel designed to transport Russian-origin petroleum 
 products or uranium or coal.

    (b) Vessels Subject to Sanctions by the United Kingdom or the 
European Union.--In determining whether a foreign vessel or foreign 
person is described in subsection

    (a) , the President may use as prima 
facie evidence that the foreign vessel or foreign person is subject to 
sanctions imposed by the United Kingdom, the European Union, the Group 
of 7, or a member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance.
            (c) Indicators of Unsafe or Nonstandard Maritime Behavior.--In 
determining under subsection

    (a)

    (1)
        (A) if a vessel is exhibiting or 
engaged in unsafe or nonstandard maritime behavior, the President may 
use as prima facie evidence that the vessel is exhibiting or engaged in 
such behavior if the vessel has exhibited 3 or more indicators of such 
behavior, including the following:

    (1) Has refused to take on a pilot in accordance with best 
 practices of the International Maritime Organization.

    (2) Does not respond when hailed by appropriate maritime 
 authority.

    (3) Turns off the Automatic Identification System of the 
 vessel without explanation or report to the appropriate 
 maritime authority within a reasonable period of time.

    (4) Engages in unsafe maritime maneuvers with another 
 vessel.

    (5) Is uninsured or underinsured, including any vessel that 
 is insured by an insurance company organized under the laws of 
 the Russian Federation or the Islamic Republic of Iran.

    (6) Is single-hulled contrary to standards of the 
 International Maritime Organization.

    (7) Has changed ownership or flag registry more than once 
 in the previous year.

    (8) Has a history of deliberately losing power or turning 
 off transmitters without a compelling security need.

    (9) Has not been properly maintained, based on credible 
 evidence.

    (10) Has been involved in a recent maritime or 
 environmental incident.

    (11) Is escorted by the military of the Russian Federation.

    (12) Has engaged in sabotage activities.
            (d) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
describes any sanctions imposed under this section, including a brief 
description of each foreign person and foreign vessel with respect to 
which sanctions are imposed and the justification for such sanctions.

SEC. 112. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS THAT 
 SUPPORT RUSSIAN ILLICIT SHIPPING WITH VESSELS SUBJECT TO 
 UNITED STATES SANCTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in 

section 181 with respect to a foreign person if the 
President determines that the foreign person, on or after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, has engaged in a transaction described in 
subsection

    (b) with a Russian shadow fleet vessel that is subject to 
sanctions imposed by the United States.

    (b) Transactions Described.--A transaction described in this 
subsection is any of the following:

    (1) The conduct of any ship-to-ship transfer involving 
 Russian-origin petroleum products, uranium, or coal products 
 with a Russian shadow fleet vessel.

    (2) The provision of significant goods or services, 
 including crew or maintenance services, in support of a Russian 
 shadow fleet vessel with the knowledge that the vessel is 
 subject to sanctions imposed by the United States.

    (3) In the case of the owner or operator of a foreign port, 
 allowing a Russian shadow fleet vessel to port or otherwise 
 receive services at the foreign port.

    (4) In the case of a foreign person that is the owner or 
 operator of a refinery, knowingly engaging in a transaction to 
 process, refine, or otherwise deal in any Russian Federation-
 origin petroleum products that were transported on a Russian 
 shadow fleet vessel.

SEC. 113. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PORT TERMINALS 
 ACCEPTING OIL FROM RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET VESSELS.

 Beginning on the date that is 15 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President may impose the sanctions described 
in 

section 181 with respect to any foreign person that owns or operates 
a port in the People's Republic of China or the Republic of India that 
accepts oil from--

    (1) foreign vessels transporting Russian-origin crude oil 
 for sale at a price higher than the maximum price agreed to by 
 the Price Cap Coalition or any related price cap established by 
 the United States; or

    (2) foreign vessels with respect to which the United States 
 has imposed sanctions.

 PART II--DISCLOSURES, PUBLICATIONS, AND REPORTS

SEC. 121. ALIGNMENT OF DESIGNATION AUTHORITIES WITH EUROPEAN UNION AND 
 UNITED KINGDOM REGARDING RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.

    (a) Report.--

    (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
 the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
 Secretary of State, through the head of the Office of Sanctions 
 Coordination and in coordination with the Secretary of the 
 Treasury and the Director of the Office of Foreign Assets 
 Control of the Department of the Treasury, shall submit to the 
 appropriate congressional committees a report that includes a 
 list of each foreign vessel subject to sanctions imposed by the 
 European Union or the United Kingdom that is determined to 
 operate as part of the Russian shadow fleet.

    (2) Justification.--For any vessel listed in a report under 
 paragraph

    (1) that is not subject to sanctions imposed by the 
 United States, the report shall include the justification 
 provided by the European Union or the United Kingdom, as the 
 case may be, for designation of the vessel and a brief 
 justification of the reason provided by the European Union or 
 the United Kingdom.

    (b) Strategy.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, through the head of the 
Office of Sanctions Coordination and in coordination with the Secretary 
of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Foreign Assets 
Control, shall produce a strategy for enhancing alignment of sanctions 
designation authorities of the United States regarding vessels 
supporting the Russian shadow fleet with those authorities of the 
European Union and the United Kingdom.

SEC. 122. SUPPORT OF EFFORTS OF THE JOINT EXPEDITIONARY FORCE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States supports the efforts of the Joint Expeditionary Force to track, 
monitor, deter, and if necessary, respond to operations and illicit 
activities of the Russian shadow fleet.

    (b) Statement of 

=== Policy ===
-It shall be the policy of the United 
States to use relevant maritime elements of the United States 
Government to support and amplify the authorized efforts of the Joint 
Expeditionary Force.

SEC. 123. DATABASE OF VESSELS INVOLVED IN SABOTAGE AND OTHER ILLICIT 
 ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall establish and maintain a 
public database of foreign vessels suspected of being involved in 
sabotage activities or other illicit activities in support of the 
Russian shadow fleet that includes credible, open-source information 
collected regarding activities described in 

section 111

    (a) .

    (b) Coordination.--Whenever possible, the Secretary of State shall 
coordinate with Australia, New Zealand, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, 
Japan, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, if any such country 
or jurisdiction is imposing sanctions with respect to the Russian 
shadow fleet, to coordinate information sharing on data regarding 
foreign vessels suspected of engaging in sabotage activities or other 
illicit activities described in subsection

    (a) , including credible, 
open-source information collected regarding activities described in 

section 111

    (a) .

SEC. 124. REPORT ON SPECIFIC LICENSES GRANTED UNDER EXECUTIVE ORDER 
 14024.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report listing any 
specific license granted or in effect under Executive Order 14024 (50 
U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking property with respect to 
specified harmful foreign activities of the Government of the Russian 
Federation).

    (b) Form.--Each report required under subsection

    (a) shall be 
submitted in classified form.

 PART III--FLAG STATES REQUIREMENTS AND STRATEGY

SEC. 131. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR OPERATING AS A FLAG STATE REGISTRY AND 
 ASSESSMENT OF EFFORTS TO PREVENT THE CIRCUMVENTION OF 
 SANCTIONS AND OTHER CRIMES.

 It is the policy of the United States that the government of a 
country is complying with the minimum standards required by the United 
States for maintaining an open flag registry if, on balance, the 
government--

    (1) has enacted and implemented laws and established 
 government structures, policies, and practices that prohibit 
 and generally deter the use of its flag registry as a mechanism 
 to circumvent sanctions imposed by the United States, the 
 United Kingdom, the European Union, or other Group of 7 
 countries, including prohibiting its flag to continue to fly on 
 vessels that are subject to sanctions imposed by any such 
 country or jurisdiction;

    (2) has enacted and implemented laws and established 
 government structures, policies, and practices that prohibit 
 and generally deter the use of its flag registry to avoid 
 detection of illicit activities, including drug trafficking, 
 illicit arms shipments, human trafficking, and illegal, 
 unreported, and unregulated fishing activities;

    (3) enforces the laws described in paragraphs

    (1) and

    (2) by punishing any person found, through a fair judicial process, 
 to have violated those laws;

    (4) takes steps to ensure ships flying its flag comply with 
 well-established industry standards and best practices relating 
 to maritime activities, including adhering to resolutions and 
 warnings promulgated by the International Maritime 
 Organization, such as Resolution A.1192

    (33) (December 6, 2023) 
 relating to urging member states and all relevant stakeholders 
 to promote actions to prevent illegal operations in the 
 maritime sector by the ``dark fleet'' or ``shadow fleet'';

    (5) responds to credible reports from other countries and 
 private entities warning of vessels flying its flag engaging in 
 maritime behavior that poses safety risks, such as not allowing 
 pilot access or turning off Automatic Identification Systems 
 without adequate justification;

    (6) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag adhere to 
 measures that lawfully prohibit and regulate ship-to-ship 
 transfers of oil or petroleum products subject to sanctions;

    (7) takes steps to ensure vessels flying its flag possess 
 adequate and credible insurance to cover the costs of maritime 
 accidents;

    (8) takes steps to ensure vessels are operating under 
 transparent ownership structures, including by verifying the 
 beneficial ownership and management of vessels; and

    (9) takes steps to ensure vessels do not avoid flag state 
 or port state control inspections or avoid commercial 
 screenings and inspections.

SEC. 132. STRATEGY FOR COUNTRIES THAT DO NOT MAKE SUFFICIENT EFFORTS TO 
 COMPLY WITH MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR OPERATING AS A FLAG 
 STATE.

 Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, and annually thereafter through 2030, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, shall--

    (1) conduct an assessment of countries that do not meet the 
 minimum standards for operating as a flag state registry in 
 compliance with United States policy, including the standards 
 described in 

section 131; and

    (2) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
 strategy for identifying and engaging with those countries.

PART IV--DENYING ACCESS TO UNITED STATES MARKETS FOR RUSSIAN-ORIGIN OIL

SEC. 141. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO ENFORCE PRICE CAP ON OIL EXPORTS 
 FROM THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

 The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall--

    (1) fully monitor international compliance with the crude 
 oil price cap within the jurisdiction of the United States;

    (2) engage, advise, and assist foreign governments in 
 joining and implementing efforts to enforce the crude oil price 
 cap;

    (3) engage with the governments of countries that import or 
 facilitate the transport of crude oil of Russian Federation 
 origin or refined petroleum products made from such oil to 
 identify entities evading the crude oil price cap and deploy 
 resources aimed at enforcement and compliance; and

    (4) consider which countries play a significant role in 
 exporting such oil or petroleum products or in evading 
 sanctions when selecting locations to assign Treasury Financial 
 Attaches under 

section 316 of title 31, United States Code.

SEC. 142. REPORT ON CRUDE OIL PRICE CAP.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, the 
Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Energy, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that includes the 
following and all related material information:

    (1) A determination of whether crude oil of Russian 
 Federation origin or refined petroleum products made from such 
 oil are entering the United States and, if so, at what volume.

    (2) A description of efforts undertaken by the executive 
 branch to monitor and prevent the importation of such oil and 
 petroleum products.

    (3) A description and assessment of efforts undertaken by 
 the Department of State to engage countries, individuals, 
 entities, port stakeholders, and other organizations involved 
 in the maritime oil trade to promote responsible practices, 
 uphold environmental and safety standards, prevent and disrupt 
 trade in goods subject to sanctions imposed by the United 
 States, and enhance compliance with the crude oil price cap.

    (4) An assessment of income derived by the Russian 
 Federation from individuals, entities, and organizations 
 involved in the acquisition, transport, sale, and delivery of 
 such oil or petroleum products in excess of the crude oil price 
 cap, including through entities beneficially owned by the 
 Government of the Russian Federation between January 2022 and 
 the date of the report.

    (5) An estimate of income described in paragraph

    (4) projected to be derived by the Russian Federation from calendar 
 year 2025 through the calendar year following submission of the 
 report.

    (6) An assessment of the extent to which the Russian 
 Federation benefits financially from the sale of such oil or 
 petroleum products exported in compliance with the crude oil 
 price cap.

    (b) Termination.--The requirement to submit reports under 
subsection

    (a) shall terminate on the earlier of--

    (1) January 1, 2030; or

    (2) the date that is 90 days after the termination of the 
 prohibition on importation of energy products of the Russian 
 Federation under 

section 3 of the Ending Importation of Russian 
 Oil Act (Public Law 117-109; 22 U.S.C. 8923 note).

 PART V--OTHER MATTERS

SEC. 151. INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY VESSELS TRANSPORTING 
 RUSSIAN-ORIGIN OIL.

 It shall be the policy of the United States--

    (1) to fully promote the recommendations made by Resolution 
 A.1192

    (33) of the International Maritime Organization, adopted 
 on December 6, 2023;

    (2) to use the voice and vote of the United States in 
 international organizations and engage other relevant 
 multilateral bodies, such as the North Atlantic Treaty 
 Organization and the European Union, to strongly encourage the 
 governments of all countries to adopt those recommendations, 
 including the recommendation that a port state, when the state 
 becomes aware of a vessel intentionally taking measures to 
 avoid detection, such as switching off its Automatic 
 Identification System or long-range identification and tracking 
 system transmissions or concealing its actual identity, should, 
 following an initial investigation to verify that the vessel 
 has not stopped transmitting signals for legitimate reasons--
        (A) subject the vessel to enhanced inspections as 
 authorized through relevant mechanisms of the port 
 state; and
        (B) notify the flag administration of the vessel, 
 as appropriate; and

    (3) to encourage governments of all countries to deny 
 access to ports and services for any vessel that, following an 
 initial investigation, is found to have turned off its 
 transponder or entered false information for the purpose of 
 conducting a transfer of or transaction for crude oil of 
 Russian Federation origin or refined petroleum products made 
 from such oil in violation of the crude oil price cap.

 Subtitle B--Sanctions With Respect to Russian-Origin Energy Products

SEC. 161. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS WITH CERTAIN 
 INTERESTS IN RUSSIAN ENERGY PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall impose 
the sanctions described in 

section 181 with respect to any foreign 
person the President determines is, on or after such date of enactment, 
a leader, official, senior executive officer, or member of the board of 
directors of, or principal shareholder with a controlling or majority 
interest in, any of the following Russian energy projects:

    (1) The Yamal Liquified Natural Gas Product or a successor 
 project.

    (2) The Arctic 1, 2, and 3 Liquified Natural Gas Projects 
 or a successor project.

    (3) Any project in the Arctic region or the Russian Far 
 East carried out after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--

    (1) countries that rely on Russian energy projects, 
 including Sakhalin-1 and Sakhalin-2, TurkStream 1 and 2, and 
 the Druzhba pipeline, should work to expeditiously end their 
 dependence on such projects and diversify their sources of 
 energy to exports from other countries, including the United 
 States; and

    (2) the European Union should remain committed to firm 
 deadlines set forth in the RePowerEU Roadmap for the phasing 
 out of energy exported from the Russian Federation.

SEC. 162. MODIFICATIONS OF PROTECTING EUROPE'S ENERGY SECURITY ACT OF 
 2019.

 

Section 7503 of the Protecting Europe's Energy Security Act of 2019 
(title LXXV of Public Law 116-92; 22 U.S.C. 9526 note) is amended--

    (1) in subsection

    (a)

    (1)
        (B)
            (v) , by striking ``the Nord 
 Stream 2 pipeline'' and inserting ``the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, 
 the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, or a successor to either such 
 pipeline'';

    (2) in subsection

    (e) --
        (A) by striking paragraph

    (4) ; and
        (B) by redesignating paragraphs

    (5) and

    (6) as 
 paragraphs

    (4) and

    (5) , respectively;

    (3) by amending subsection

    (f) to read as follows:
 ``

    (f) National Security Waiver.--
 ``

    (1) In general.--The President may waive the application 
 of sanctions under this section if--
 ``
        (A) the President--
 ``
            (i) determines such a waiver is in the 
 national security interests of the United 
 States; and
 ``
            (ii) not later than 30 days before the 
 waiver takes effect, submits to the appropriate 
 congressional committees a report on the waiver 
 and the reasons for the waiver; and
 ``
        (B) a joint resolution prohibiting the waiver is 
 not enacted into law during the 30-day period described 
 in subparagraph
        (A)
            (ii) .
 ``

    (2) Consideration of joint resolutions.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--A joint resolution described in 
 paragraph

    (1)
        (B) introduced in either House of Congress 
 shall be considered in accordance with the provisions 
 of 

section 601

    (b) of the International Security 
 Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public 
 Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 765), except that the resolution 
 shall be subject to germane amendments.
 ``
        (B) Consideration of veto messages.--If joint 
 resolution described in paragraph

    (1)
        (B) is vetoed by 
 the President, the time for debate in consideration of 
 the veto message on the resolution shall--
 ``
            (i) in the Senate, be limited to 20 
 hours; and
 ``
            (ii) in the House of Representatives, be 
 determined in accordance with the Rules of the 
 House.''; and

    (4) in subsection

    (h) --
        (A) by striking paragraph

    (2) ;
        (B) by striking ``terminate'' and all that follows 
 through ``the date on which'' and inserting ``terminate 
 on the date on which'';
            (C) by redesignating subparagraphs
        (A) and
        (B) as 
 paragraphs

    (1) and

    (2) , respectively, and by moving 
 such paragraphs, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the left; 
 and
            (D) in paragraph

    (2) , as redesignated, by striking 
 ``; or'' and inserting a period.

SEC. 163. REPORT ON EXPORTS OF RUSSIAN-ORIGIN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until the date described 
in subsection

    (e) , the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report describing exports of Russian-origin 
petroleum products.

    (b) Elements.--Each report required by subsection

    (a) shall include 
the following:

    (1) An analysis of the export and sale of Russian-origin 
 petroleum products by the Russian Federation during 2018 and 
 each calendar year thereafter, including--
        (A) an estimate of the revenue received by the 
 Russian Federation from such exports and sales;
        (B) an estimate of that revenue attributable to the 
 People's Republic of China;
            (C) the number of barrels of crude oil exported 
 from the Russian Federation;
            (D) the number of such barrels exported to the 
 People's Republic of China;
        (E) the number of such barrels exported to 
 countries other than the People's Republic of China;
        (F) the average price for each such barrel; and
        (G) the average price for each such barrel exported 
 to the People's Republic of China.

    (2) An analysis of the labeling practices of the Russian 
 Federation for exports of Russian-origin petroleum products.

    (3) A description of entities involved in the exportation 
 and sale of Russian-origin petroleum products.

    (4) A description of vessels involved in such exportation 
 and sale.

    (5) A description of ports involved in such exportation and 
 sale.
            (c) Form.--Each report required by subsection

    (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
            (d) Publication.--The unclassified portion of each report required 
by subsection

    (a) shall be posted on a publicly available website of 
the Energy Information Administration.

    (e) Termination.--The requirement to submit reports under this 
section shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 164. STRATEGY TO COUNTER ROLE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN 
 EVASION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN-ORIGIN 
 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a written strategy, and provide to 
those committees an accompanying briefing, on the role of the People's 
Republic of China in evasion of sanctions imposed by the United States 
with respect to Russian-origin petroleum products that includes an 
assessment of options--

    (1) to strengthen the enforcement of such sanctions; and

    (2) to expand sanctions designations targeting the 
 involvement of the People's Republic of China in the 
 production, transportation, storage, refining, and sale of 
 Russian-origin petroleum products.

    (b) Elements.--The strategy required by subsection

    (a) shall 
include--

    (1) a description and assessment of the use of sanctions in 
 effect before the date of the enactment of this Act to target 
 individuals and entities of the People's Republic of China that 
 are directly or indirectly associated with smuggling of 
 Russian-origin petroleum products;

    (2) an assessment of--
        (A) Russian-owned entities operating in the 
 People's Republic of China and involved in petroleum 
 refining supply chains;
        (B) the People's Republic of China's role in 
 Russian petroleum refining supply chains;
            (C) how the People's Republic of China leverages 
 its role in Russian petroleum supply chains to achieve 
 political objectives; and
            (D) what percent of the energy consumption of the 
 People's Republic of China is linked to imported 
 Russian-origin petroleum products;

    (3) a detailed plan for--
        (A) monitoring the maritime domain for sanctionable 
 activity related to smuggling of Russian-origin 
 petroleum products;
        (B) identifying the individuals, entities, and 
 vessels engaging in sanctionable activity related to 
 Russian-origin petroleum products, including--
            (i) vessels--
            (I) transporting petrochemicals 
 subject to sanctions;
            (II) conducting ship-to-ship 
 transfers of such petrochemicals;
            (III) with deactivated automatic 
 identification systems; or
            (IV) that engage in ``flag 
 hopping'' by changing national 
 registries;
            (ii) individuals or entities--
            (I) storing petrochemicals subject 
 to sanctions; or
            (II) refining or otherwise 
 processing such petrochemicals; and
            (iii) through the use of port entry and 
 docking permission of vessels subject to 
 sanctions;
            (C) deterring individuals and entities from 
 violating sanctions by educating and engaging--
            (i) insurance providers;
            (ii) parent companies; and
            (iii) vessel operators;
            (D) collaborating with allies and partners of the 
 United States engaged in the Northern Europe, including 
 through standing or new maritime task forces, to build 
 sanctions enforcement capacity through assistance and 
 training to defense and law enforcement services; and
        (E) using public communications and global 
 diplomatic engagements to highlight the role of 
 smuggling of Russian-origin petroleum products in 
 bolstering the Russian Federation's war efforts in 
 Ukraine and support for other malign activity; and

    (4) an assessment of--
        (A) the total number of vessels smuggling Russian-
 origin petroleum products;
        (B) the total number of vessels smuggling such 
 products destined for the People's Republic of China;
            (C) interference by the People's Republic of China 
 with attempts by the United States, the United Kingdom, 
 or the European Union to investigate or enforce 
 sanctions with respect to Russian-origin petroleum 
 products;
            (D) the effectiveness of the use of sanctions with 
 respect to insurers of entities that own or operate 
 vessels involved in smuggling Russian-origin petroleum 
 products;
        (E) the personnel and resources needed to enforce 
 sanctions with respect to Russian-origin petroleum 
 products; and
        (F) the impact of smuggled Russian-origin petroleum 
 products on global energy markets.
            (c) Form.--The strategy required by subsection

    (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified index.

 Subtitle C--Sanctions With Respect to Russian Defense Industrial Base

SEC. 171. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS THAT SELL, 
 LEASE, OR PROVIDE GOODS OR SERVICES RELATING TO THE 
 DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) Report Required.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies, 
for the period covered by the report each foreign person that the 
Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury 
and the Secretary of Commerce, determines has knowingly--

    (1) sold, leased, provided, or facilitated selling, 
 leasing, or providing goods or services relating to the defense 
 industrial base of the Russian Federation, including--
        (A) computer numerical control

    (CNC) tools and 
 associated machinery, software, and maintenance or 
 upgrade services;
        (B) lubricant additives;
            (C) semiconductors and associated manufacturing 
 equipment;
            (D) items on the Common High Priority Items List 
 maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security of 
 the Department of Commerce;
        (E) nitrocellulose, wood cellulose, and associated 
 additives and components necessary for the production 
 of propellant or energetics for munitions;
        (F) fiber optic cables with military applications 
 and associated technologies needed to manufacture such 
 cables;
        (G) advanced sensors; and
        (H) any additional items identified by the 
 Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary 
 of Commerce, that are critical to the defense 
 industrial base of the Russian Federation; or

    (2) facilitated deceptive or structured transactions to 
 provide the goods and services described by paragraph

    (1) .

    (b) Ineligibility for Visas, Admission, or Parole of Identified 
Persons and Corporate Officers.--

    (1) In general.--
        (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien 
 described in paragraph

    (2) shall be--
            (i) inadmissible to the United States;
            (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
 documentation to enter the United States; and
            (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
 or paroled into the United States or to receive 
 any other benefit under the Immigration and 
 Nationality Act (8. U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
        (B) Current visas revoked.--
            (i) In general.--The visa or other entry 
 documentation of an alien described in 
 paragraph

    (2) shall be revoked, regardless of 
 when such visa or other entry documentation is 
 or was issued.
            (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under 
 clause
            (i) shall--
            (I) take effect immediately; and
            (II) automatically cancel any other 
 valid visa or entry documentation that 
 is in the possession of the alien.

    (2) Aliens described.--An alien described in this paragraph 
 is an alien who is--
        (A) identified in a report required by subsection

    (a) ;
        (B) a corporate officer of a foreign entity 
 identified in that report; or
            (C) a principal shareholder with a controlling 
 interest in a foreign entity described in subparagraph
        (A) .
            (c) Blocking of Property of Identified Persons.--The President 
shall exercise all powers granted to the President by the International 
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent 
necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and 
interests in property of any person identified in a report required by 
subsection

    (a) if such property and interests in property are in the 
United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the 
possession or control of a United States person.
            (d) Wind-Down Period.--The President may not impose sanctions under 
this section with respect to a person identified in the first report 
submitted pursuant to subsection

    (a) if the President certifies in such 
report that the person has, not later than 30 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, engaged in good faith efforts to wind down 
operations that would otherwise subject the person to the imposition of 
sanctions under this section.

 Subtitle D--General Provisions

SEC. 181. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.

 The sanctions described in this section to be imposed with respect 
to a foreign person are the following:

    (1) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all 
 of the powers granted to the President under the International 
 Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the 
 extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
 property and interests in property of the foreign person if 
 such property and interests in property are in the United 
 States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
 the possession or control of a United States person.

    (2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
        (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--A foreign person 
 that is an alien is--
            (i) inadmissible to the United States;
            (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
 documentation to enter the United States; and
            (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
 or paroled into the United States or to receive 
 any other benefit under the Immigration and 
 Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
        (B) Current visas revoked.--
            (i) In general.--A foreign person that is 
 an alien is subject to revocation of any visa 
 or other entry documentation regardless of when 
 the visa or other entry documentation is or was 
 issued.
            (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under 
 clause
            (i) shall take effect immediately and 
 automatically cancel any other valid visa or 
 entry documentation that is in the alien's 
 possession.

SEC. 182. EXCEPTIONS; WAIVERS.

    (a) Exceptions.--

    (1) Exception relating to importation of goods.--
        (A) In general.--A requirement to block and 
 prohibit all transactions in all property and interests 
 in property under this title shall not include the 
 authority or a requirement to impose sanctions on the 
 importation of goods.
        (B) Good.--In this paragraph, the term ``good'' 
 means any article, natural or manmade substance, 
 material, supply, or manufactured product, including 
 inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical 
 data.

    (2) Exception to comply with united nations headquarters 
 agreement and law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this 
 title shall not apply with respect to the admission of an alien 
 to the United States if admitting or paroling the alien into 
 the United States is necessary--
        (A) to permit the United States to comply with the 
 Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United 
 Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and 
 entered into force November 21, 1947, between the 
 United Nations and the United States, or other 
 applicable international obligations of the United 
 States; or
        (B) to carry out or assist authorized law 
 enforcement activity in the United States.

    (3) Exception to comply with intelligence activities.--
 Sanctions under this title shall not apply to any activity 
 subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the 
 National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any 
 authorized intelligence activities of the United States.

    (4) Humanitarian assistance.--
        (A) In general.--Sanctions under this title shall 
 not apply to--
            (i) the conduct or facilitation of a 
 transaction for the provision of agricultural 
 commodities, food, medicine, medical devices, 
 humanitarian assistance, or for humanitarian 
 purposes; or
            (ii) transactions that are necessary for or 
 related to the activities described in clause
            (i) .
        (B) === Definitions. ===
-In this paragraph:
            (i) Agricultural commodity.--The term 
 ``agricultural commodity'' has the meaning 
 given that term in 

section 102 of the 
 Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
            (ii) Medical device.--The term ``medical 
 device'' has the meaning given the term 
 ``device'' in 

section 201 of the Federal Food, 
 Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
            (iii) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has 
 the meaning given the term ``drug'' in 

section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
 (21 U.S.C. 321).

    (5) Exception for safety of vessels and crew.--Sanctions 
 under this title shall not apply with respect to a person 
 providing provisions to a vessel otherwise subject to sanctions 
 under this title if such provisions are intended for the safety 
 and care of the crew aboard the vessel, the protection of human 
 life aboard the vessel, or the maintenance of the vessel to 
 avoid any environmental or other significant damage.

    (6) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
 the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
 President shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
 committees a report that describes each activity that would be 
 sanctionable under this title if not covered by an exception 
 under this subsection.

    (b) Waiver.--

    (1) In general.--The President may, on a case-by-case basis 
 and for periods not to exceed 180 days each, waive the 
 application of sanctions imposed with respect to a foreign 
 vessel or a foreign person under this title if the President 
 certifies to the appropriate congressional committees, not 
 later than 15 days after such waiver is to take effect, that 
 the waiver is in the national security interests of the United 
 States.

    (2) Certification.--The President shall not be required to 
 impose sanctions under this title with respect to a foreign 
 person who has engaged in activity subject to sanctions under 
 this title if the President certifies in writing to the 
 appropriate congressional committees that the foreign person--
        (A) is no longer engaging in such activities; or
        (B) has taken and is continuing to take 
 significant, verifiable steps toward permanently 
 terminating such activities.
            (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to affect the availability of any existing authorities to 
issue waivers, exceptions, exemptions, licenses, or other 
authorization.

SEC. 183. IMPLEMENTATION.

    (a) Implementation.--The President may exercise all authorities 
under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 
Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) for purposes of carrying out this 
title.

    (b) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to violate, 
conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this title or any 
regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this title shall be 
subject to the penalties set forth in subsections

    (b) and
            (c) of 

section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection

    (a) of that section.
            (c) Regulations.--

    (1) Deadline for regulations.--Not later than 180 days 
 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
 shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary for the 
 implementation of this title.

    (2) Notification to congress.--Not later than 10 days 
 before the prescription of regulations under paragraph

    (1) , the 
 President shall brief and provide written notification to the 
 appropriate congressional committees regarding--
        (A) the proposed regulations; and
        (B) the specific provisions of this title that the 
 regulations are implementing.

 TITLE II--OTHER MATTERS

SEC. 201. DETERMINATION WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN MILITARY ACTIONS IN 
 SUPPORT OF RUSSIAN SHADOW FLEET.

    (a) In General.--The President shall determine, at such times as 
are required under subsection

    (b) , whether--

    (1) the Government of the Russian Federation, including 
 through any of its proxies, is engaged in or knowingly 
 supporting an escalation of military measures in the Gulf of 
 Finland, the Baltic Sea, or the Straits of Denmark, including 
 to deter members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization from 
 inspecting vessels transporting Russian-origin petroleum 
 products or posing a threat to undersea infrastructure to 
 ensure such vessels are adhering to accepted maritime 
 standards; and

    (2) if the President makes a positive determination under 
 paragraph

    (1) , whether that escalation--
        (A) has the aim or effect of undermining sanctions 
 enforcement; or
        (B) increases the risk of an incident at sea, 
 including damage to undersea cable infrastructure.

    (b) Timing of Determinations.--The President shall make the 
determination described in subsection

    (a) --

    (1) not later than 15 days after the date of the enactment 
 of this Act;

    (2) after the first determination under paragraph

    (1) , not 
 less frequently than every 30 days (or more frequently as 
 warranted) during the 1-year period beginning on such date of 
 enactment; and

    (3) after the end of that 1-year period, not less 
 frequently than every 90 days.
            (c) Report Required.--Upon making a determination under subsection

    (a) , the President shall submit a report on the determination to--

    (1) the committees specified in subsection
            (d) ;

    (2) the majority leader and the minority leader of the 
 Senate; and

    (3) the Speaker and the minority leader of the House of 
 Representatives.
            (d) Committees Specified.--The committees specified in this 
subsection are--

    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
 Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
 Senate; and

    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
 Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
 Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 202. RESOURCES FOR SANCTIONS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF 
 STATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that sanctions 
are a vital foreign policy and national security tool, and as such, it 
is critical that the Department of State and other agencies with 
responsibilities relating to sanctions across the executive branch--

    (1) are fully staffed, including through the prompt 
 confirmation by the Senate of a qualified head of the Office of 
 Sanctions Coordination of the Department of State; and

    (2) have the resources and infrastructure necessary for the 
 successful development and implementation of sanctions.

    (b) Increasing Resources and Improving Modernization for Sanctions 
Implementation.--The head of the Office of Sanctions Coordination shall 
take steps to modernize the sanctions infrastructure and increase 
resources dedicated to implementing sanctions, including by--

    (1) ensuring the Department of State has necessary 
 subscriptions and access to open-source databases for purposes 
 of making determinations to support the designation of persons 
 for the imposition of sanctions;

    (2) equipping bureaus involved in drafting and reviewing 
 evidentiary packages to support such designations with 
 sufficient technical resources to do so, including an adequate 
 number of workstations that can be used to review classified 
 information; and

    (3) increasing the number of personnel dedicated to making 
 and reviewing such designations.
            (c) Report on Modernization Efforts.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the head of the Office of 
Sanctions Coordination shall submit to the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives a report describing steps the Department of 
State is taking to address challenges in the ability of the Department 
to support the designation of persons for the imposition of sanctions.
            (d) Authorizations of Appropriation.--

    (1) Office of sanctions coordination.--There is authorized 
 to be appropriated to the Office of Sanctions Coordination for 
 each of fiscal years 2026 and 2027 $15,000,000 to carry out 
 this section.

    (2) Office of foreign assets control.--There is authorized 
 to be appropriated to the Office of Foreign Assets Control of 
 the Department of the Treasury for each of fiscal years 2026 
 and 2027 $15,000,000 to carry out this section.

SEC. 203. MODIFICATION OF LIMITATION ON MILITARY COOPERATION BETWEEN 
 THE UNITED STATES AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

 

Section 1232 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 Stat. 2488) is amended--

    (1) by striking subsections
            (c) and
            (d) ; and

    (2) by redesignating subsections

    (e) and

    (f) as subsections
            (c) and
            (d) , respectively.

SEC. 204. EMERGENCY APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE 
 FUND.

    (a) Emergency Appropriations.--

    (1) Authorization of appropriation.--There is authorized to 
 be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise 
 appropriated, $200,000,000 to the Secretary of State for fiscal 
 years 2026 and 2027 for the Countering Russian Influence Fund 
 to provide additional support to Ukraine and allies of the 
 United States in Central and Eastern Europe in the wake of 
 aggression by the Russian Federation, including assistance 
 combating Russian Federation information operations, sabotage 
 activities, cyber threats, and security threats.

    (2) Emergency designation.--
        (A) In general.--The amounts provided under 
 paragraph

    (1) are designated as an emergency 
 requirement pursuant to 

section 4

    (g) of the Statutory 
 Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933

    (g) ).
        (B) Designation in the senate and the house of 
 representatives.--This subsection is designated as an 
 emergency requirement pursuant to subsections

    (a) and

    (b) of 

section 4001 of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th 
 Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for 
 fiscal year 2022.

    (b) Report Required.--

    (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
 the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
 Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate committees 
 of Congress a report that contains a description of the 
 activities carried out pursuant to this section.

    (2) Form.--The strategy required by paragraph

    (1) shall be 
 submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
 annex if necessary.
            (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--

    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
 Appropriations of the Senate; and

    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
 Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 205. REPORT ON PRESIDENTIAL DRAWDOWN AUTHORITY AND UKRAINE 
 SECURITY ASSISTANCE INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 30 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State and the Secretary of Defense shall jointly submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report that includes--

    (1) the status of remaining amounts available for Ukraine 
 under the Presidential drawdown authority provided in the 
 Additional Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022 
 (Public Law 117-128; 136 Stat. 1211) and the Ukraine Security 
 Supplemental Appropriations Act (Public Law 118-50; 138 Stat. 
 905);

    (2) a description of all defense articles and services 
 provided to Ukraine under Presidential drawdown authority, 
 Foreign Military Financing, and the Ukraine Security Assistance 
 Initiative under 

section 1250 of the National Defense 
 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114-92; 129 
 Stat. 1068); and

    (3) a description of the readiness requirements, 
 valuations, and replenishment calculations used to determine 
 the availability of inventory to transfer to Ukraine.

    (b) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--

    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
 Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
 Senate; and

    (2) the Committees on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
 Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
 House of Representatives.

SEC. 206. SUPPORT FOR UKRAINE ARMS SALES.

 For any letter of offer to sell or license to export defense 
articles or defense services to Ukraine that would require a numbered 
certification to Congress required by 

section 36 of the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2776), the President shall not offer such letter 
of offer or issue such license until 15 days have elapsed from the time 
such numbered certification is provided to Congress, notwithstanding 
the requirements of such section for 30 days, and any joint resolution 
of disapproval shall be eligible for a motion to discharge from the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 5 days after introduction.
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