119-s2457

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2457 Introduced in Senate

    (IS) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 S. 2457

To authorize dedicated domestic terrorism offices within the Department 
of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Bureau 
of Investigation to analyze and monitor domestic terrorist activity and 
 require the Federal Government to take steps to prevent domestic 
 terrorism.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

 July 24, 2025

 Mr. Durbin introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
 referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

To authorize dedicated domestic terrorism offices within the Department 
of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Bureau 
of Investigation to analyze and monitor domestic terrorist activity and 
 require the Federal Government to take steps to prevent domestic 
 terrorism.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 
2025''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

 In this Act--

    (1) the term ``Director'' means the Director of the Federal 
 Bureau of Investigation;

    (2) the term ``domestic terrorism'' has the meaning given 
 the term in 

section 2331 of title 18, United States Code;

    (3) the term ``hate crime incident'' means an act described 
 in 

section 241, 245, 247, or 249 of title 18, United States 
 Code, or in 

section 901 of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (42 
 U.S.C. 3631);

    (4) the term ``Secretary'', except as otherwise provided, 
 means the Secretary of Homeland Security; and

    (5) the term ``uniformed services'' has the meaning given 
 the term in 

section 101

    (a) of title 10, United States Code.

SEC. 3. OFFICES TO COMBAT DOMESTIC TERRORISM.

    (a) Authorization of Offices To Monitor, Analyze, Investigate, and 
Prosecute Domestic Terrorism.--

    (1) Domestic terrorism unit.--There is authorized a 
 Domestic Terrorism Unit in the Office of Intelligence and 
 Analysis of the Department of Homeland Security, which shall be 
 responsible for monitoring and analyzing domestic terrorism 
 activity.

    (2) Domestic terrorism office.--There is authorized a 
 Domestic Terrorism Office in the Counterterrorism Section of 
 the National Security Division of the Department of Justice--
        (A) which shall be responsible for investigating 
 and prosecuting incidents of domestic terrorism;
        (B) which shall be headed by the Domestic Terrorism 
 Counsel; and
            (C) which shall coordinate with the Civil Rights 
 Division on domestic terrorism matters that may also be 
 hate crime incidents.

    (3) Domestic terrorism section of the fbi.--There is 
 authorized a Domestic Terrorism Section within the 
 Counterterrorism Division of the Federal Bureau of 
 Investigation, which shall be responsible for investigating 
 domestic terrorism activity.

    (4) Staffing.--The Secretary, the Attorney General, and the 
 Director shall each ensure that each office authorized under 
 this section in their respective agencies shall--
        (A) have an adequate number of employees to perform 
 the required duties;
        (B) have not less than one employee dedicated to 
 ensuring compliance with civil rights and civil 
 liberties laws and regulations; and
            (C) require that all employees undergo annual anti-
 bias training.

    (5) Sunset.--The offices authorized under this subsection 
 shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date of 
 enactment of this Act.

    (b) Joint Report on Domestic Terrorism.--

    (1) Biannual report required.--Not later than 180 days 
 after the date of enactment of this Act, and every 6 months 
 thereafter for the 10-year period beginning on the date of 
 enactment of this Act, the Secretary, the Attorney General, and 
 the Director shall submit a joint report authored by the 
 domestic terrorism offices authorized under paragraphs

    (1) ,

    (2) , and

    (3) of subsection

    (a) to--
        (A) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee 
 on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the 
 Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
        (B) the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee 
 on Homeland Security, and the Permanent Select 
 Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
 Representatives.

    (2) Contents.--Each report submitted under paragraph

    (1) shall include--
        (A) an assessment of the domestic terrorism threat 
 posed by White supremacists and neo-Nazis, including 
 White supremacist and neo-Nazi infiltration of Federal, 
 State, and local law enforcement agencies and the 
 uniformed services;
        (B)
            (i) in the first report, an analysis of 
 incidents or attempted incidents of domestic terrorism 
 that have occurred in the United States since April 19, 
 1995, including any White supremacist-related incidents 
 or attempted incidents; and
            (ii) in each subsequent report, an analysis of 
 incidents or attempted incidents of domestic terrorism 
 that occurred in the United States during the preceding 
 6 months, including any White supremacist-related 
 incidents or attempted incidents;
            (C) a quantitative analysis of domestic terrorism 
 for the preceding 6 months, including--
            (i) the number of--
            (I) domestic terrorism-related 
 assessments initiated by the Federal 
 Bureau of Investigation, including the 
 number of assessments from each 
 category and subcategory, with a 
 specific category or subcategory for 
 assessments related to White 
 supremacism;
            (II) domestic terrorism-related 
 preliminary investigations initiated by 
 the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
 including the number of preliminary 
 investigations from each category and 
 subcategory, with a specific category 
 or subcategory for preliminary 
 investigations related to White 
 supremacism, and how many preliminary 
 investigations resulted from 
 assessments;
            (III) domestic terrorism-related 
 full investigations initiated by the 
 Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
 including the number of full 
 investigations from each category and 
 subcategory, with a specific category 
 or subcategory for full investigations 
 related to White supremacism, and how 
 many full investigations resulted from 
 preliminary investigations and 
 assessments;
            (IV) domestic terrorism-related 
 incidents, including the number of 
 incidents from each category and 
 subcategory, with a specific category 
 or subcategory for incidents related to 
 White supremacism, the number of deaths 
 and injuries resulting from each 
 incident, and a detailed explanation of 
 each incident;
            (V) Federal domestic terrorism-
 related arrests, including the number 
 of arrests from each category and 
 subcategory, with a specific category 
 or subcategory for arrests related to 
 White supremacism, and a detailed 
 explanation of each arrest;
            (VI) Federal domestic terrorism-
 related indictments, including the 
 number of indictments from each 
 category and subcategory, with a 
 specific category or subcategory for 
 indictments related to White 
 supremacism, and a detailed explanation 
 of each indictment;
            (VII) Federal domestic terrorism-
 related prosecutions, including the 
 number of prosecutions from each 
 category and subcategory, with a 
 specific category or subcategory for 
 prosecutions related to White 
 supremacism, and a detailed explanation 
 of each prosecution;
            (VIII) Federal domestic terrorism-
 related convictions, including the 
 number of convictions from each 
 category and subcategory, with a 
 specific category or subcategory for 
 convictions related to White 
 supremacism, and a detailed explanation 
 of each conviction; and
            (IX) Federal domestic terrorism-
 related weapons recoveries, including 
 the number of each type of weapon and 
 the number of weapons from each 
 category and subcategory, with a 
 specific category or subcategory for 
 weapons recoveries related to White 
 supremacism; and
            (ii) an explanation of each individual case 
 that progressed through more than one of the 
 stages described in clause
            (i) --
            (I) including the specific category 
 or subcategory for the case; and
            (II) not including personally 
 identifiable information not otherwise 
 releasable to the public; and
            (D) a certification that each of the assessments 
 and investigations described in subparagraph
            (C) is in 
 compliance with all applicable civil rights and civil 
 liberties laws and regulations.

    (3) Hate crimes.--In compiling a joint report under this 
 subsection, the domestic terrorism offices authorized under 
 paragraphs

    (1) ,

    (2) , and

    (3) of subsection

    (a) shall, in 
 consultation with the Civil Rights Division of the Department 
 of Justice and the Civil Rights Unit of the Federal Bureau of 
 Investigation, review each Federal hate crime charge and 
 conviction during the preceding 6 months to determine whether 
 the incident also constitutes a domestic terrorism-related 
 incident.

    (4) Classification and public release.--Each report 
 submitted under paragraph

    (1) shall be--
        (A) unclassified, to the greatest extent possible, 
 with a classified annex only if necessary; and
        (B) in the case of the unclassified portion of the 
 report, posted on the public websites of the Department 
 of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and 
 the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

    (5) Nonduplication.--If 2 or more provisions of this 
 subsection or any other law impose requirements on an agency to 
 report or analyze information on domestic terrorism that are 
 substantially similar, the agency may produce one report that 
 complies with each such requirement as fully as possible.
            (c) Domestic Terrorism Executive Committee.--

    (1) In general.--There is authorized a Domestic Terrorism 
 Executive Committee (in this subsection referred to as the 
 ``Committee'') within the Department of Justice.

    (2) Membership.--The members of the Committee shall 
 include--
        (A) a representative from the Terrorism and 
 National Security Subcommittee of the Attorney 
 General's Advisory Committee of United States 
 Attorneys;
        (B) a representative from the Counterterrorism 
 Section of the National Security Division of the 
 Department of Justice;
            (C) a representative from the Criminal Section of 
 the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice;
            (D) a representative from the Domestic Terrorism 
 Section of the Counterterrorism Division of the Federal 
 Bureau of Investigation authorized under subsection

    (a)

    (3) ; and
        (E) a representative from the Domestic Terrorism 
 Unit of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis of the 
 Department of Homeland Security authorized under 
 subsection

    (a)

    (1) .

    (3) Duties.--The Committee shall--
        (A) meet on a regular basis, and not less 
 frequently than 4 times each year, to coordinate with 
 United States Attorneys and other key public safety 
 officials across the United States to promote 
 information sharing and ensure an effective, 
 responsive, and organized joint effort to combat 
 domestic terrorism; and
        (B) convene local forums, not less frequently than 
 4 times each year, to connect community groups with 
 Federal law enforcement agencies to--
            (i) help increase community understanding 
 and reporting of domestic terrorism;
            (ii) build trust between law enforcement 
 agencies and the communities most impacted by 
 domestic terrorism; and
            (iii) create and strengthen alliances 
 between law enforcement agencies and other 
 government partners and groups to combat 
 domestic terrorism.
            (d) Focus on Greatest Threats.--The domestic terrorism offices 
authorized under paragraphs

    (1) ,

    (2) , and

    (3) of subsection

    (a) shall 
focus their limited resources on the most significant domestic 
terrorism threats, as determined by the number of domestic terrorism-
related incidents from each category and subcategory in the joint 
report for the preceding 6 months required under subsection

    (b) .

SEC. 4. TRAINING TO COMBAT DOMESTIC TERRORISM.

    (a) Required Training and Resources.--The Secretary, the Attorney 
General, and the Director shall review the anti-terrorism training and 
resource programs of their respective agencies that are provided to 
Federal, State, local, and Tribal law enforcement agencies, including 
the State and Local Anti-Terrorism Program that is funded by the Bureau 
of Justice Assistance of the Department of Justice, and ensure that 
such programs include training and resources to assist State, local, 
and Tribal law enforcement agencies in understanding, detecting, 
deterring, and investigating acts of domestic terrorism and White 
supremacist and neo-Nazi infiltration of law enforcement and 
corrections agencies. The Attorney General shall make training 
available to Department prosecutors and to Assistant United States 
Attorneys on countering and prosecuting domestic terrorism. The 
domestic-terrorism training shall focus on the most significant 
domestic terrorism threats, as determined by the quantitative analysis 
in the joint report required under 

section 3

    (b) .

    (b) Requirement.--Any individual who provides domestic terrorism 
training required under this section shall have--

    (1) expertise in domestic terrorism; and

    (2) relevant academic, law enforcement, or other community-
 based experience in matters related to domestic terrorism.
            (c) Report.--

    (1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
 enactment of this Act and twice each year thereafter, the 
 Secretary, the Attorney General, and the Director shall each 
 submit a report to the committees of Congress described in 
 

section 3

    (b)

    (1) on the domestic terrorism training implemented 
 by their respective agencies under this section, which shall 
 include copies of all training materials used and the names and 
 qualifications of the individuals who provide the training.

    (2) Classification and public release.--Each report 
 submitted under paragraph

    (1) shall--
        (A) be unclassified, to the greatest extent 
 possible, with a classified annex only if necessary; 
 and
        (B) in the case of the unclassified portion of each 
 report, be posted on the respective public website of 
 the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of 
 Justice, or the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

SEC. 5. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, the Director, the 
Secretary, and the Secretary of Defense shall establish an interagency 
task force to analyze and combat White supremacist and neo-Nazi 
infiltration of the uniformed services and Federal law enforcement 
agencies.

    (b) Report.--

    (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
 interagency task force is established under subsection

    (a) , the 
 Attorney General, the Director, the Secretary, and the 
 Secretary of Defense shall submit a joint report on the 
 findings of the task force and the response of the Attorney 
 General, the Secretary, and the Secretary of Defense to such 
 findings, to--
        (A) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
        (B) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
 Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
            (C) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
 Senate;
            (D) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
        (E) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
 Representatives;
        (F) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House 
 of Representatives;
        (G) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
 of the House of Representatives; and
        (H) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
 Representatives.

    (2) Classification and public release.--The report 
 submitted under paragraph

    (1) shall be--
        (A) submitted in unclassified form, to the greatest 
 extent possible, with a classified annex only if 
 necessary; and
        (B) in the case of the unclassified portion of the 
 report, posted on the public website of the Department 
 of Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the 
 Department of Homeland Security, and the Department of 
 Defense.

SEC. 6. FEDERAL SUPPORT FOR ADDRESSING HATE CRIME INCIDENTS WITH A 
 NEXUS TO DOMESTIC TERRORISM.

    (a) Community Relations Service.--The Community Relations Service 
of the Department of Justice, authorized under 

section 1001

    (a) of the 
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000g), may offer the support of 
the Service to communities where the Department of Justice has brought 
charges in a hate crime incident that has a nexus to domestic 
terrorism.

    (b) Federal Bureau of Investigation.--

Section 249 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
 ``

    (f) Federal Bureau of Investigation.--The Attorney General, 
acting through the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
shall assign a special agent or hate crimes liaison to each field 
office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to investigate hate 
crimes incidents (as defined in 

section 2 of the Domestic Terrorism 
Prevention Act of 2025) with a nexus to domestic terrorism (as defined 
in such 

section 2).''.

SEC. 7. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

 Nothing in this Act, or any amendment made by this Act, may be 
construed to authorize the infringement or violation of any right 
protected under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United 
States or an applicable provision of Federal law.

SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

 There are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of 
Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of 
Homeland Security, and the Department of Defense such sums as may be 
necessary to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act.
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