119-s2424

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2424 Reported in Senate

    (RS) ]

<DOC>

 Calendar No. 238
119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 S. 2424

 To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the 
 Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

 July 23, 2025

 Mr. Ricketts (for himself, Mr. Bennet, and Mr. Scott of Florida) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
 Committee on Foreign Relations

 October 30, 2025

 Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
 in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the 
 Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Tracking Hostile Industry 
Networks and Kit while Thwarting Weapons Imports from Chinese Entities 
Act of 2025'' or the ``THINK TWICE Act of 2025''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED> Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) The People's Republic of China is the fourth 
 largest arms exporter behind the United States, the Russian 
 Federation, and France.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) Arms sales by entities in the People's 
 Republic of China are an important element of the country's 
 growing military power and geopolitical influence.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (3) The People's Republic of China uses arms sales 
 to promote strategic interests, including--</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (A) improving the image and reputation of 
 the People's Liberation Army;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (B) acquiring performance data of Chinese-
 made weapons in contested environments, which can be 
 utilized by the People's Liberation Army;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
            (C) exacerbating tensions between the 
 United States and traditional security 
 partners;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
            (D) gaining a foothold for further defense 
 and security cooperation with certain 
 countries;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (E) building relationships with senior 
 political and military leaders in other countries, 
 further expanding the diplomatic and strategic 
 influence of the People's Republic of China;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (F) protecting economic interests of the 
 People's Republic of China by ensuring the security of 
 foreign partner governments to safeguard Chinese 
 investments and Chinese workers;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (G) exerting influence over the 
 progression of conflicts to serve the broader 
 geostrategic aims of the People's Republic of 
 China;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (H) improving military operations and 
 capabilities of partner states, thereby stabilizing 
 regions of interest by addressing local issues, such as 
 disturbances near the border of the People's Republic 
 of China; and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
            (I) subsidizing the research and 
 development and production costs of weapons systems of 
 the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>

<DELETED>

SEC. 3. REPORT ON ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
 CHINA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a report on arms sales 
facilitated by entities in the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED>

    (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection

    (a) shall 
include an analysis of--</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) the weapons systems and defense equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China available for 
 purchase;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) the technical aspects and capabilities of such 
 weapons systems and defense equipment;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (3) how such weapons systems and defense equipment 
 may impact the balance of power in the area of responsibility 
 of each United States Combatant Command, when 
 applicable;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (4) the weapons systems and defense equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China that are 
 considered direct alternatives to weapons systems and defense 
 equipment originating from the United States;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (5) the weapons systems and defense equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China that present 
 the greatest security risks regarding the potential to collect 
 intelligence on or compromise assets, weapons, or platforms of 
 the United States;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (6) the countries mostly likely to procure weapons 
 systems and defense equipment originating from the People's 
 Republic of China, including the specific type, quantity, and 
 estimated value in United States dollars of weapons, during the 
 1-year period following the date of the submission of the 
 report;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (7) the weapons systems and defense equipment in 
 development as of the date of the submission of the report by 
 entities in the People's Republic of China that could be 
 available on the global market not later than 5 years after 
 such date;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (8) the factors that incentivize countries to 
 procure such weapons systems and defense equipment, including 
 costs, flexible payment conditions and financing, a lack of 
 end-user agreements, and speed of sale and delivery; 
 and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (9) the strategy of the People's Republic of China 
 regarding arms sales and variables that could influence such 
 strategy.</DELETED>
<DELETED>
            (c) Form.--</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) In general.--The report required by subsection

    (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but shall include 
 a classified annex.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) Classified annex.--The classified annex 
 required by paragraph

    (1) shall contain--</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (A) an assessment by the National 
 Intelligence Council of the contents required by 
 subsection

    (b) ; and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (B) an assessment by the Director of 
 National Intelligence of the counterintelligence risks 
 and risks of onward proliferation of technology and 
 defense systems originating in the United States and 
 created through the purchase, deployment, and use of 
 weapons systems and defense equipment originating from 
 the People's Republic of China by United States allies 
 and partners.</DELETED>
<DELETED>
            (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee 
 on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence 
 of the Senate; and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee 
 on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
 Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>

SEC. 4. STRATEGY TO COMBAT ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC 
 OF CHINA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Secretary of Defense, shall develop a strategy to dissuade 
purchases of new weapons systems and defense equipment, excluding spare 
parts or parts for maintenance of previously procured weapons, 
originating from the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
<DELETED>

    (b) Elements.--The strategy shall include the following 
elements:</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) An information campaign targeting countries 
 interested in procuring weapons systems and defense equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China to warn such 
 countries about--</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (A) potential risks, including the lack of 
 a proven track record in combat, insufficient training 
 on the operation of the weapon or weapons system, 
 reliability issues, and the lack of maintenance and 
 spare parts available;</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
        (B) the inability to integrate such 
 weapons systems and defense equipment with weapons 
 systems and defense equipment from the United States; 
 and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>
            (C) the potential limitation of future 
 security cooperation with the United States that could 
 arise if such weapons are acquired.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) A description of actions the United States can 
 take, including reforms to the foreign military sales, direct 
 commercial sales, and foreign military financing processes, to 
 make weapons systems and defense equipment from the United 
 States more attractive to prospective buyers of weapons systems 
 or defense equipment originating from the People's Republic of 
 China.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (3) A description of actions defense firms of the 
 United States can take to provide competitive alternatives to 
 prospective buyers of weapons systems and defense equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (4) An analysis of whether the use of sanctions, 
 export controls, or other economic restrictions targeting 
 buyers of new weapons systems or defense equipment originating 
 from the People's Republic of China could serve as an effective 
 deterrent.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (5) A plan to ensure sufficient representation of 
 defense firms of the United States, or trusted allies, at 
 defense expositions where defense firms of the People's 
 Republic of China are also attending.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (6) A plan to combat Chinese disinformation 
 campaigns targeting the performance of weapons or platforms 
 produced by the United States or trusted allies.</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (7) A plan to ensure close coordination with 
 Congress to prevent disjointed engagement with 
 countries.</DELETED>
<DELETED>
            (c) Report and Implementation Plan.--Not later than the 
date on which the strategy required by subsection

    (a) is completed, the 
Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report detailing the strategy and a plan for 
implementation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>
            (d) Form.--The report required by subsection
            (c) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>

    (e) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (1) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
 Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
 <DELETED>

    (2) the Committee on Armed Services and the 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
 Representatives.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Tracking Hostile Industry Networks 
and Kit while Thwarting Weapons Imports from Chinese Entities Act of 
2025'' or the ``THINK TWICE Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. ASSESSMENT OF CHINESE ARMS SALES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 3 years, the 
Director of National Intelligence, in coordination with the Secretary 
of Defense and the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on arms sales facilitated by entities 
in the People's Republic of China.

    (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection

    (a) shall include 
an analysis of--

    (1) the weapons systems and military equipment originating 
 from the People's Republic of China available for purchase by 
 foreign countries, including such weapons systems and military 
 equipment available for purchase by or for the ultimate use of 
 non-state actors;

    (2) the technical aspects and capabilities of such weapons 
 systems and military equipment;

    (3) how such weapons systems and military equipment may 
 impact the balance of power in the area of responsibility of 
 each geographic combatant command, when applicable;

    (4) the weapons systems and military equipment originating 
 from the People's Republic of China that are considered direct 
 alternatives to weapons systems and military equipment 
 originating from the United States;

    (5) the weapons systems and military equipment originating 
 from the People's Republic of China that present the greatest 
 security risks regarding the potential to collect intelligence 
 on or compromise assets, weapons, or platforms of the United 
 States;

    (6) the countries and non-state actors most likely to 
 procure weapons systems and military equipment originating from 
 the People's Republic of China, including the specific type, 
 quantity, and estimated value in United States dollars of 
 weapons, during the 1-year period following the date of the 
 submission of the report;

    (7) the weapons systems and military equipment in 
 development as of the date of the submission of the report by 
 entities in the People's Republic of China that could be 
 available on the global market not later than 5 years after 
 such date;

    (8) the factors that incentivize countries to procure such 
 weapons systems and military equipment, including costs, 
 flexible payment conditions and financing, a lack of end-user 
 agreements, and speed of sale and delivery;

    (9) the strategy of the People's Republic of China 
 regarding arms sales and variables that could influence such 
 strategy; and

    (10) the entities in the People's Republic of China that, 
 through the facilitation of arms sales, have violated United 
 Nations Security Council resolutions restricting the supply, 
 sale, or transfer to the Islamic Republic of Iran and the 
 Democratic People's Republic of Korea of arms, including United 
 Nations Security Council Resolution 1747

    (2007) and United 
 Nations Security Council Resolution 1929

    (2010) .
            (c) Form.--

    (1) In general.--The report required by subsection

    (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but shall include a 
 classified annex.

    (2) Classified annex.--The classified annex required by 
 paragraph

    (1) shall contain an assessment by the Director of 
 National Intelligence of--
        (A) the contents required by subsection

    (b) ; and
        (B) the counterintelligence risks and risks of 
 onward proliferation of technology and defense systems 
 originating in the United States and created through 
 the purchase, deployment, and use of weapons systems 
 and military equipment originating from the People's 
 Republic of China by United States allies and partners.
            (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--

    (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
 Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of 
 the Senate; and

    (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
 Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 3. STRATEGY TO COMBAT ARMS SALES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
 CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Secretary of Defense, shall develop a strategy to dissuade purchases of 
new weapons systems and military equipment, excluding spare parts or 
parts for maintenance of previously procured weapons, originating from 
the People's Republic of China.

    (b) Elements.--The strategy shall include the following elements:

    (1) An information campaign targeting countries interested 
 in procuring weapons systems and military equipment originating 
 from the People's Republic of China to warn such countries 
 about--
        (A) potential risks, including the lack of a proven 
 track record in combat, insufficient training on the 
 operation of the weapon or weapons system, reliability 
 issues, and the lack of maintenance and spare parts 
 available;
        (B) the inability to integrate such weapons systems 
 and military equipment with weapons systems and 
 military equipment from the United States; and
            (C) the potential limitation of future security 
 cooperation with the United States that could arise if 
 such weapons are acquired.

    (2) A description of actions the United States Government 
 can take, including creative financing and subsidized pricing, 
 to make weapons systems and military equipment from the United 
 States more attractive to prospective buyers of weapons systems 
 or military equipment originating from the People's Republic of 
 China.

    (3) An analysis of whether the use of sanctions, export 
 controls, or other economic restrictions targeting buyers of 
 new weapons systems or military equipment originating from the 
 People's Republic of China could serve as an effective 
 deterrent.

    (4) A description of actions defense firms of the United 
 States can take to provide competitive alternatives to 
 prospective buyers of weapons systems and military equipment 
 originating from the People's Republic of China.

    (5) A plan to combat Chinese disinformation campaigns 
 targeting the performance of weapons or platforms produced by 
 the United States or trusted allies.

    (6) A plan to ensure close coordination with Congress to 
 prevent disjointed engagement with countries.
            (c) Report and Implementation Plan.--Not later than the date on 
which the strategy required by subsection

    (a) is completed, the 
Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report detailing the strategy and a plan for 
implementation.
            (d) Form.--The report required by subsection
            (c) shall be submitted 
in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

    (e) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--

    (1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
 Foreign Relations of the Senate; and

    (2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
 Calendar No. 238

119th CONGRESS

 1st Session

 S. 2424

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To require a report of, and a strategy to combat, arms sales of the 
 Government of the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 October 30, 2025

 Reported with an amendment