119-s2214

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2214 Introduced in Senate

    (IS) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 S. 2214

 To promote innovation and advanced manufacturing in the Department of 
 Defense and the defense industrial base, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

 July 8, 2025

 Ms. Slotkin introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
 referred to the Committee on Armed Services

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To promote innovation and advanced manufacturing in the Department of 
 Defense and the defense industrial base, and for other purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Future of Defense Manufacturing Act 
of 2025''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON OPERATION, PROCUREMENT, AND CONTRACTING RELATED 
 TO FOREIGN-MADE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MACHINES.

    (a) Prohibition on Agency Operation or Procurement.--The Secretary 
of Defense may not operate, or enter into or renew a contract for the 
procurement of--

    (1) a covered additive manufacturing machine that--
        (A) is manufactured in a covered foreign country or 
 by an entity domiciled in a covered foreign country;
        (B) uses operating software developed in a covered 
 foreign country or by an entity domiciled in a covered 
 foreign country; or
            (C) uses network connectivity or data storage 
 located in or administered by an entity domiciled in a 
 covered foreign country; or

    (2) a system or systems that incorporates, interfaces with, 
 or otherwise uses additive manufacturing systems or machines 
 described in paragraph

    (1) .

    (b) Exception.--The prohibition under subsection

    (a) does not apply 
to the operation or procurement of additive manufacturing systems or 
machines for the purposes of testing, analysis, and training related to 
intelligence, electronic warfare, and information warfare operations.
            (c) Waiver.--The Secretary of Defense may waive the prohibition 
under subsection

    (a) on a case by case basis by certifying in writing 
to the congressional defense committees that the operation or 
procurement of additive manufacturing systems or machines is required 
in the national interest of the United States.
            (d) === Definitions. ===
-In this section:

    (1) Additive manufacturing machine.--The term ``additive 
 manufacturing machine'' means a system of integrated hardware 
 and software used to realize an additive manufacturing process, 
 including the deposition of material and the associated post-
 processing steps as applicable.

    (2) Additive manufacturing process.--The term ``additive 
 manufacturing process'' means a process of joining materials to 
 make parts from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as 
 opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies.

    (3) Covered additive manufacturing company.--The term 
 ``covered additive manufacturing company'' means any of the 
 following:
        (A) Any entity that produces or provides additive 
 manufacturing machines and is included on--
            (i) the Consolidated Screening List 
 maintained by the International Trade 
 Administration of the Department of Commerce; 
 or
            (ii) the civil-military fusion list 
 maintained under 

section 1260H of the William 
 M.

    (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public 
 Law 116-283; 10 U.S.C. 113 note).
        (B) Any entity that produces or provides additive 
 manufacturing machines and--
            (i) is domiciled in a covered foreign 
 country; or
            (ii) is subject to unmitigated foreign 
 ownership, control, or influence by a covered 
 foreign country, as determined by the Secretary 
 of Defense in accordance with the National 
 Industrial Security Program or any successor to 
 such program.

    (4) Covered additive manufacturing machine.--The term 
 ``covered additive manufacturing machine'' means additive 
 manufacturing machines and any related services and equipment 
 manufactured by a covered additive manufacturing company.

    (5) Covered foreign country.--The term ``covered foreign 
 country'' means the People's Republic of China, Iran, the 
 Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and the Russian 
 Federation.

SEC. 3. IMPROVEMENTS TO DEMONSTRATION AND PROTOTYPING PROGRAM TO 
 ADVANCE INTERNATIONAL PRODUCT SUPPORT CAPABILITIES IN A 
 CONTESTED LOGISTICS ENVIRONMENT.

 

Section 842

    (b)

    (2) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2024 (Public Law 118-31; 10 U.S.C. 2341 note) is amended--

    (1) in subparagraph
        (A) , by striking ``; and'' and 
 inserting a semicolon;

    (2) by redesignating subparagraph
        (B) as subparagraph
            (C) ; 
 and

    (3) by inserting after subparagraph
        (A) the following new 
 subparagraph
        (B) :
 ``
        (B) commercial advanced, digital manufacturing 
 facilities for rapid, distributed parts production 
 closer to the point of use; and''.

SEC. 4. DUAL-USE AND DEFENSE ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INNOVATION HUBS.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Defense shall establish one or 
more dual-use advanced manufacturing hubs that co-locate and share 
resources among public and private stakeholders from industry, 
academia, government, nongovernment agencies, and workforce and 
economic development resources. The hub or hubs should span the full 
spectrum of advanced manufacturing capabilities and cover the full 
development timeline between prototyping and fielding.

    (b) Requirements.--A hub established under subsection

    (a) shall--

    (1) utilize, to the maximum extent possible, the Department 
 of Defense Manufacturing Innovation Institutes
            (MII) and 
 encourage the MIIs to coordinate efforts in a joint manner;

    (2) provide shared advanced manufacturing infrastructure 
 and equipment, such as high-speed metal printers and material 
 testing laboratories;

    (3) establish a process to provide advanced manufacturing 
 capability, including on shared classified space as needed;

    (4) utilize, to the maximum extent possible, the Defense 
 Logistics Agency's Joint Additive Manufacturing Model Exchange

    (JAMMEX) as a central data repository for technical data 
 packages for advanced manufacturing;

    (5) build on the Defense Innovation Unit's Blue 
 Manufacturing Initiative and Blue Manufacturing Marketplace to 
 match hardware and software manufacturers in defense technology 
 with advanced manufacturing providers; and

    (6) meet annual production benchmarks for defense 
 applications.
            (c) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering and the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment in establishing a 
dual-use advanced manufacturing hub under subsection

    (a) .
            (d) Recommendation.--Not later than September 30, 2026, the 
Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees a 
recommendation for the appropriate number of regional hubs to be 
established under subsection

    (a) for the Department of Defense to meet 
its sustainment needs and such requirements, specifications, and 
capabilities as the regional hubs may require.

SEC. 5. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ADVANCED MANUFACTURING PROGRAM.

 Not later than December 31, 2027, the Secretary of Defense, in 
coordination with the Secretaries of the military departments, shall 
aim to qualify and approve for manufacturing and delivery not fewer 
than 1,000,000 parts or components of the Department of Defense that 
use advanced manufacturing techniques, with funding subject to the 
availability of appropriations or other funds. In doing so, the 
Secretary shall ensure that expedited processes for adoption of 
advanced manufacturing products are utilized across the components of 
the Department of Defense and lifecycle phases for new and existing 
systems.

SEC. 6. PROGRAM TO ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURE CERTAIN TYPES OF UNMANNED 
 AERIAL SYSTEMS.

 Not later than September 30, 2026, the Secretary of Defense shall 
carry out a program to certify new materials and processes to 
manufacture 25 to 100 percent of the parts of one of each type of the 
following unmanned aerial system

    (UAS) categories using advanced or 
additive manufacturing techniques:

    (1) Small unmanned aerial systems used as tactical 
 loitering munitions.

    (2) Small unmanned aerial systems used for surveillance and 
 reconnaissance missions.

    (3) Small unmanned aerial systems used for logistics 
 missions.

SEC. 7. PROGRAM TO CERTIFY ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED PARTS FOR MILITARY 
 SYSTEMS WITH DIMINISHING MANUFACTURING SOURCES AND 
 MATERIAL SHORTAGES.

    (a) Program Required.--Not later than September 30, 2026, the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment shall, in 
coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and 
Engineering and the Secretaries of the military departments, carry out 
a program to produce replacement parts for military systems with 
diminishing manufacturing sources and material shortages using advanced 
or additive manufacturing techniques.

    (b) Tested Parts.--In carrying out the program required by 
subsection

    (a) , the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment shall select not less than five parts for test, evaluation, 
and certification under the program.
            (c) Test and Evaluation.--

    (1) In general.--In carrying out the program required by 
 subsection

    (a) , the Under Secretary shall use additive 
 manufacturing techniques to manufacture the parts selected 
 pursuant to subsection

    (b) and then test and evaluate the 
 manufactured parts.

    (2) Evaluation.--Evaluation under paragraph

    (1) shall be 
 based on performance rather than specifications.
            (d) Sharing of Results and Data.--In carrying out the program 
required by subsection

    (a) , the Under Secretary shall share test data 
across all military departments and establish mechanisms for data 
reciprocity for test and evaluation results for additively manufactured 
parts across all military departments.

    (e) List of Obsolete Parts.--The Under Secretary shall, in 
coordination with the Secretaries of the military departments, make a 
list of all parts for military systems with diminishing manufacturing 
sources and material shortages.

    (f) New Licensing Agreements.--The Under Secretary shall, in 
coordination with the Secretaries of the military departments, create 
new licensing agreements with owners of intellectual property for the 
platforms with parts included in the list required by subsection

    (e) that allow additive manufacture of the parts.

SEC. 8. PROGRAM TO ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURE METAL PARTS.

    (a) Program Required.--The Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment shall carry out a program across all 
military departments to additively manufacture three commonly used 
metal parts of each military department, such as titanium, stainless 
steel, and aluminum.

    (b) Assessment Required.--Not later than September 30, 2026, the 
Under Secretary shall--

    (1) complete an assessment to determine how to additively 
 manufacture 10 metal parts of each military department, with a 
 preference for parts that require long lead times to 
 manufacture or have sole-source suppliers; and

    (2) submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
 on the findings of the Under Secretary with respect to the 
 assessment completed under paragraph

    (1) .

SEC. 9. PROGRAM TO ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURE PARTS FOR GROUND COMBAT 
 SYSTEMS.

 The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment 
shall, in coordination with the Secretary of the Army and the Director 
of the Defense Logistics Agency--

    (1) identify sustainment vulnerabilities in the ground 
 equipment supply chain of the Army, including at the 
 manufacturing arsenals and maintenance depots of the Army that 
 comprise the Organic Industrial Base, where additive 
 manufacturing could be used to repair, upgrade, or modernize 
 ground combat systems;

    (2) choose not less than five parts that have long lead 
 times for fabricating the greatest degree of customized 
 specifications or have the most limited quantity in inventory 
 and additively manufacture replacement parts for them;

    (3) create a critical parts list identifying parts and 
 components across ground combat systems with long lead times 
 eligible to be additively manufactured; and

    (4) develop plans, in coordination with Army Development 
 Command, to integrate additive manufacturing techniques and 
 technologies in the design, production, and sustainment of 
 next-generation combat vehicles and their technologies. The 
 developed technologies should prioritize interoperability 
 across military platforms and integration with other military 
 services.

SEC. 10. ENHANCE INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION FOR ADVANCED MANUFACTURING 
 TECHNIQUES, TECHNOLOGIES, AND ADOPTION.

 The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and 
the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering shall 
establish a subordinate working group within the Joint Additive 
Manufacturing Working Group to coordinate and support international 
activities that facilitate information-sharing, enhance 
interoperability, explore joint research and development opportunities, 
identify technology licensing requirements, incorporate advanced 
manufacturing capabilities into combined trainings and exercises, and 
set technical expertise and training standards for advanced 
manufacturing techniques, technologies, and adoption. The countries 
involved should be those with which the United States has reciprocal 
defense procurement agreements or security of supply arrangements.

SEC. 11. COMPOSITION OF JOINT DEFENSE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY PANEL.

 

Section 4842

    (b)

    (2) of title 10, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting ``selected by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
and Sustainment and one individual'' after ``one individual''.

SEC. 12. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING GUIDANCE AND MANUAL.

    (a) Guidance, DoD I Update, and Manual Required.--Not later than 
September 30, 2026, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and 
Engineering, in consultation with the Secretaries of the military 
departments, shall--

    (1) develop guidance to incorporate innovations in advanced 
 manufacturing in such a way that the Department of Defense can 
 better and faster deliver capabilities, sustain operations, and 
 protect the warfighter with the latest technology while still 
 ensuring quality, reliability, and compatibility;

    (2) update Department of Defense Instruction 5000.93 
 (relating to use of additive manufacturing in the Department of 
 Defense) dated June 10, 2021, to waive the requirement to 
 maintain records of all additively produced end-items put into 
 operational use where the additively produced part meets or 
 exceeds performance of the traditionally manufactured end-item;

    (3) create a manual in accordance with such instruction 
 that gets at the technical standards required to qualify parts, 
 components, or products that use advanced manufacturing 
 technologies and techniques; and

    (4) not later than March 1, 2026, provide the Committees on 
 Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives a 
 briefing on plans to update the guidance developed under 
 paragraph

    (1) and the updates made under paragraph

    (2) .

    (b) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection

    (a) , the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Under 
Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering shall consider the 
most current versions of Department of Defense Additive Manufacturing 
Roadmap, the Department of Defense Additive Manufacturing Strategy, the 
National Strategy for Advanced Manufacturing, and Department of Defense 
Instruction 5000.93.
            (c) Alignment.--The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and 
Sustainment and the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and 
Engineering shall ensure that the guidance on the use of advanced 
manufacturing required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) --

    (1) aligns with Department of Defense acquisition to 
 prioritize flexibility, interoperability, and domestic 
 sourcing;

    (2) requires the Department to prefer United States 
 manufacturers and equipment and document a justification 
 whenever the Department uses a foreign source; and

    (3) requires the Department to partner with and direct 
 funds to the Department's Manufacturing Innovation Institutes 
 whenever feasible.
            (d) Elements.--

    (1) Guidance.--The guidance required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) shall include guidance for all types of advanced manufacturing, 
 including the following:
        (A) Additive manufacturing.
        (B) Advanced materials.
            (C) Advanced composite materials.
            (D) Robotics and automation.
        (E) Laser, machining, and welding.
        (F) Nanotechnology.
        (G) Network and information technology integration.

    (2) Manual.--
        (A) The guidance required by paragraph

    (1) of 
 subsection

    (a) shall utilize expedited qualification and 
 testing procedures established in 

section 865 of the National 
 Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 and result in a 
 manual under paragraph

    (3) of such subsection to establish 
 standardized processes to qualify parts and components produced 
 by advanced manufacturing techniques and technologies based on 
 performance, rather than specifications for testing and 
 evaluation.
        (B) The process described in subparagraph
        (A) shall include 
 a methodology for standardizing technical production 
 specifications, testing processes, and data reciprocity to 
 share and accept test results of the same additively 
 manufactured parts across all military departments.
            (C) The process described in subparagraph
        (A) shall include 
 test and evaluation results that facilitate data reciprocity 
 across military departments, removing the need for each 
 military department to independently validate the same parts 
 another military department has already validated.
            (D) The manual shall include steps to allow for streamlined 
 incremental qualification, rather than complete 
 requalification, when the design and manufacturing process 
 incorporates changes.
        (E) The process described in subparagraph
        (A) shall explore 
 the option for third-party, external certification for 
 companies that cannot afford or do not have the in-house 
 expertise to do this on their own but have the technology that 
 the Department needs.

    (3) Advanced materials and advanced composite materials 
 research.--The guidance required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) and the 
 manual required by subsection

    (a)

    (3) --
        (A) shall cover requirements for development, test, 
 and evaluation of the material properties of advanced 
 materials and advanced composite materials used in 
 advanced manufacturing, including metals, polymers, 
 ceramics, composites, and hybrid metals;
        (B) should include how to incorporate integrated 
 computational materials engineering to predict the 
 material properties and the distribution of those 
 properties in additively manufactured parts and scale-
 up additive manufacturing; and
            (C) shall include a list of recommendations for the 
 types of amounts of critical metals to stockpile for 
 the Department's use in additive manufacturing, which 
 should be accessible to users of the Defense Logistics 
 Agency's Joint Additive Manufacturing Model Exchange

    (JAMMEX) .

    (4) Cybersecurity.--
        (A) The guidance required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) and the manual required by subsection

    (a)

    (3) shall 
 include cybersecurity standards and guidelines for advanced 
 manufacturing developed in consultation with the Chief 
 Information Officer.
        (B) The guidance and manual should address the unique 
 challenges that advanced manufacturing poses to Department 
 information networks.
            (C) The guidance and manual shall include matters relating 
 to cybersecurity compliance.
            (D) The guidance and manual shall call for periodic 
 security and compliance reviews.

    (5) Modeling and simulation.--The guidance and manual 
 required by subsection

    (a) --
        (A) shall include software-driven, artificial 
 intelligence-enabled modeling and simulation techniques 
 for design, development, test, and evaluation to the 
 maximum extent possible; and
        (B) should include integrating modeling and 
 simulation at every level, from enterprise to 
 individual operation, including utilizing digital 
 engineering.

    (6) Intellectual property.--
        (A) The guidance required by 
 subsection

    (a)

    (1) and the manual required by subsection

    (a)

    (3) shall include processes and contracting mechanisms to protect 
 and manage intellectual property.
        (B) The processes and contracting mechanisms described in 
 subparagraph
        (A) shall be designed to incentivize innovation 
 while allowing the Department to additively manufacture parts 
 and products for military systems at scale and on demand in 
 case of contingency or crisis. This can include new licensing 
 agreements with terms and conditions that allow for innovative 
 intellectual property strategies.
            (C) The guidance and manual shall include considerations to 
 incorporate the Defense Logistics Agency's Joint Additive 
 Manufacturing Model Exchange

    (JAMMEX) .

    (7) Quality assurance.--
        (A) The guidance required by 
 subsection

    (a)

    (1) and the manual required by subsection

    (a)

    (3) shall include processes, materials, and technologies to ensure 
 continuous quality control throughout the entire manufacturing 
 process and post-production.
        (B) The guidance and manual shall incorporate the process 
 window qualification methodology, which is designed to be 
 machine-agnostic, or independent of specific machine brands or 
 software providers, as well as the following:
            (i) Real-time process monitoring leveraging machine 
 sensors and software analytics to detect and instantly 
 mitigate deviations prevents defects and unauthorized 
 parameter changes.
            (ii) Integration of machine learning algorithms 
 that analyze production data in real-time allows the 
 identification of anomalies indicative of potential 
 quality or security threats, enabling proactive 
 mitigation.
            (iii) Software-defined quality assurance protocols 
 enforce standardized, repeatable verification 
 processes, greatly improving reliability and 
 simplifying security audits.

    (8) Proliferation of additive manufacturing capabilities.--
 The guidance required by subsection

    (a) shall include a plan 
 that includes phasing and funding requirements to proliferate 
 advanced manufacturing technologies and techniques across the 
 entire Department, at the enterprise level to tactical 
 operational units. This guidance shall--
        (A) identify end-user access and operational needs 
 for advanced manufacturing and associated resourcing, 
 infrastructure, and basing requirements;
        (B) establish logistics models for production of 
 additively manufactured parts in the continental United 
 States and at forward operating locations;
            (C) improve supply chain risk management; and
            (D) stimulate supply chain agility within the 
 Department.

    (9) Training.--The guidance required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) shall include training program requirements, phasing, and 
 sequencing to ensure each warfighter is equipped with the 
 knowledge and skills to use advanced manufacturing techniques 
 and technologies efficiently and safely. The guidance shall--
        (A) outline which military occupational specialty 
 career fields to train in advanced manufacturing 
 equipment, techniques, and procedures with each 
 military service and the degree of proficiency and 
 training time required;
        (B) explore partnerships to establish 
 apprenticeships and skilled technician training 
 pipelines to support Department of Defense research and 
 development programs and programs of record; and
            (C) consider creating new initiatives within 
 existing transition assistance programs to create 
 pathways for members of the Armed Forces to receive the 
 training necessary to adapt their military skills to 
 civilian jobs in advanced manufacturing.

    (e) Manual Required.--The manual created under subsection

    (a)

    (3) shall be a service-agnostic, vendor-agnostic manual on advanced 
manufacturing techniques and technologies for the Department of 
Defense--

    (1) to standardize across the military departments the 
 technical parameters for manufacturing parts and products using 
 advanced manufacturing techniques;

    (2) to outline the categories and levels of risk associated 
 with such parts and products, including distinguishing between 
 safety-critical and non-safety-critical parts and providing 
 expedited approvals for low-risk parts through standardized 
 material datasets and pre-qualified manufacturing protocols;

    (3) to lay out the processes for qualification and 
 certification across categories of such parts and products;

    (4) to establish data reciprocity for test and evaluation 
 data across all military departments with respect to qualifying 
 such parts and products;

    (5) to utilize the Defense Logistics Agency's Joint 
 Additive Manufacturing Model Exchange

    (JAMMEX) as the central 
 data repository for technical data packages for advanced 
 manufacturing; and

    (6) to incorporate new proposed qualification approaches 
 proposed by industry consortiums, Manufacturing Innovation 
 Institutes, and Small Business Innovation Research

    (SBIR) and 
 Small Business Technology Transfer

    (STTR) programs.

    (f) Timeline.--

    (1) Initial.--The Secretary shall ensure that the guidance 
 required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) goes into effect in fiscal year 
 2026 by providing guidance with respect to the top three 
 essential metals each military department needs to maintain its 
 operational platforms.

    (2) Subsequent.--The Secretary shall ensure that the 
 guidance required by subsection

    (a)

    (1) goes into effect not 
 later than January 1, 2027, for all essential metals not 
 covered by paragraph

    (1) .
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