119-s1754

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1754 Introduced in Senate

    (IS) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 S. 1754

To counter the military-civil fusion strategy of the Chinese Communist 
 Party and prevent United States contributions to the development of 
 dual-use technology in China.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

 May 14, 2025

 Mr. Banks introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
 referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

To counter the military-civil fusion strategy of the Chinese Communist 
 Party and prevent United States contributions to the development of 
 dual-use technology in China.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Preventing PLA Acquisition of United 
States Technology Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. COUNTERING THE MILITARY-CIVIL FUSION STRATEGY OF THE CHINESE 
 COMMUNIST PARTY.

    (a) 

=== Definitions. ===
-In this section:

    (1) Chinese entity of concern.--The term ``Chinese entity 
 of concern'' means--
        (A) any college or university in the People's 
 Republic of China that is determined by the Secretary 
 of Defense to be involved in the implementation of the 
 military-civil fusion strategy, including--
            (i) any college or university known as the 
 ``Seven Sons of National Defense'';
            (ii) any college or university that 
 receives funding from--
            (I) the People's Liberation Army; 
 or
            (II) the Equipment Development 
 Department, or the Science and 
 Technology Commission, of the Central 
 Military Commission;
            (iii) any college or university in the 
 People's Republic of China involved in military 
 training and education, including any such 
 college or university in partnership with the 
 People's Liberation Army;
            (iv) any college or university in the 
 People's Republic of China that conducts 
 military research or hosts dedicated military 
 initiatives or laboratories, including such a 
 college or university designated under the 
 ``double first-class university plan'';
            (v) any college or university in the 
 People's Republic of China that is designated 
 by the State Administration for Science, 
 Technology, and Industry for the National 
 Defense to host ``joint construction'' 
 programs;
            (vi) any college or university in the 
 People's Republic of China that has launched a 
 platform for military-civil fusion or created 
 national defense laboratories; and
            (vii) any college or university in the 
 People's Republic of China that conducts 
 research or hosts dedicated initiatives or 
 laboratories for any other related security 
 entity beyond the People's Liberation Army, 
 including the People's Armed Police, the 
 Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry 
 of State Security;
        (B) any enterprise for which the majority 
 shareholder or ultimate parent entity is the Government 
 of the People's Republic of China at any level of that 
 government;
            (C) any privately owned company in the People's 
 Republic of China--
            (i) that has received a military production 
 license, such as the Weapons and Equipment 
 Research and Production Certificate, the 
 Equipment Manufacturing Unit Qualification, the 
 Weapons and Equipment Quality Management System 
 Certificate, or the Weapons and Equipment 
 Research and Production Unit Classified 
 Qualification Permit;
            (ii) that is otherwise known to have set up 
 mechanisms for engaging in activity in support 
 of military initiatives;
            (iii) that has a history of subcontracting 
 for the People's Liberation Army or its 
 affiliates;
            (iv) that is participating in, or receiving 
 benefits under, a military-civil fusion 
 demonstration base; or
            (v) that has an owner, director, or a 
 senior management official who has served as a 
 delegate to the National People's Congress, a 
 member of the Chinese People's Political 
 Consultative Conference, or a member of the 
 Central Committee of the Chinese Communist 
 Party; and
            (D) any entity that--
            (i) is identified by the Secretary of 
 Defense under 

section 1260H

    (a) of the William 
 M.

    (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 
 U.S.C. 113 note) as a Chinese military company; 
 and
            (ii) is included in the Non-SDN Chinese 
 Military-Industrial Complex Companies List 
 published by the Department of the Treasury.

    (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means--
        (A) any Federal agency that engages in research or 
 provides funding for research, including the National 
 Science Foundation and the National Institutes of 
 Health;
        (B) any institution of higher education, or any 
 other private research institution, that receives any 
 Federal financial assistance; and
            (C) any private company headquartered in the United 
 States that receives Federal financial assistance.

    (3) Federal financial assistance.--The term ``Federal 
 financial assistance'' has the meaning given the term in 
 

section 200.1 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
 successor regulations).

    (4) Military-civil fusion strategy.--The term ``military-
 civil fusion strategy'' means the strategy of the Chinese 
 Communist Party aiming to mobilize non-military resources and 
 expertise for military application, including the development 
 of technology, improvements in logistics, and other uses by the 
 People's Liberation Army.

    (b) Prohibitions.--

    (1) In general.--No covered entity may engage with a 
 Chinese entity of concern in any scientific research or 
 technical exchange that has a direct bearing on, or the 
 potential for dual use in, the development of technologies that 
 the Chinese Communist Party has identified as a priority of its 
 national strategy of military-civil fusion and that are listed 
 on the website under subsection
            (c) (1)
        (A) .

    (2) Private partnerships.--No covered entity described in 
 subsection

    (a)

    (2)
            (C) may form a partnership or joint venture 
 with another such covered entity for the purpose of engaging in 
 any scientific research or technical exchange described in 
 paragraph

    (1) .
            (c) Website.--

    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
 with the Secretary of State, the Director of National 
 Intelligence, the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
 Investigation, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
 Education, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of 
 Commerce, shall establish, and periodically update not less 
 than twice a year, a website that includes--
        (A) a list of the specific areas of scientific 
 research or technical exchange for which the 
 prohibitions under subsection

    (b) apply, which shall 
 initially include some or all aspects of the fields of 
 quantum computing, photonics and lasers, robotics, big 
 data analytics, semiconductors, new and advanced 
 materials, biotechnology (including synthetic biology 
 and genetic engineering), 5G and all future generations 
 of telecommunications, advanced nuclear technology 
 (including nuclear power and energy storage), aerospace 
 technology, and artificial intelligence; and
        (B) to the extent practicable, a list of all 
 Chinese entities of concern.

    (2) List of specific areas.--In developing the list under 
 paragraph

    (1)
        (A) , the Secretary of Defense shall monitor and 
 consider the fields identified by the State Administration for 
 Science, Technology, and Industry for the National Defense of 
 the People's Republic of China as defense-relevant and 
 consider, including the more than 280 fields of study 
 designated as of the date of enactment of this Act, and any 
 others designated thereafter, as disciplines with national 
 defense characteristics that have the potential to support 
 military-civil fusion.

    (3) Resources.--In establishing the website under paragraph

    (1) , the Secretary of Defense may use as a model any existing 
 resources, such as the China Defense Universities Tracker 
 maintained by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 
 subject to any other laws applicable to such resources.
            (d) Exception.--The prohibitions under subsection

    (b) shall not 
apply to any collaborative study or research project in fields 
involving information that would not contribute substantially to the 
goals of the military-civil fusion strategy, as determined by 
regulations issued by the Secretary of Defense.

    (e) Annual Reporting Requirements.--

    (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
 enactment of this Act, and December 31 of each year thereafter, 
 each covered entity shall submit to the Secretary of Defense a 
 report that discloses--
        (A) any research relationships the covered entity 
 has with a Chinese entity of concern or has had during 
 the previous year;
        (B) any research relationships the covered entity 
 has considered with a Chinese entity of concern during 
 the previous year and declined; and
            (C) any research relationships the covered entity 
 has terminated with a Chinese entity of concern during 
 the previous year because the relationship violates 
 subsection

    (b) or as a result of related concerns.

    (2) Audit.--The Secretary of Defense may enter into a 
 contract with an independent entity to conduct an audit of any 
 report submitted under paragraph

    (1) to ensure compliance with 
 the requirements of such paragraph.

    (f) Enforcement.--

    (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
 law, a covered entity described in subparagraph
        (B) or
            (C) of 
 subsection

    (a)

    (2) that violates a prohibition under subsection

    (b) , or violates subsection

    (e) , on or after the date of 
 enactment of this Act shall be precluded from receiving any 
 Federal financial assistance on or after the date of such 
 violation.

    (2) Regulations.--The Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
 with the Secretary of State, the Director of National 
 Intelligence, the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
 Investigation, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
 Education, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of 
 Commerce, shall--
        (A) promulgate regulations to enforce the 
 prohibitions under subsection

    (b) , the auditing 
 requirements under subsection

    (e) , and the requirement 
 under paragraph

    (1) ; and
        (B) coordinate with the heads of other Federal 
 agencies to ensure the enforcement of such prohibitions 
 and requirements.
 <all>