119-hres353

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H. Res. 353 Introduced in House

    (IH) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
H. RES. 353

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high 
 crimes and misdemeanors.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

 April 28, 2025

 Mr. Thanedar (for himself, Mr. Mfume, Mr. Nadler, and Ms. Kelly of 
Illinois) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the 
 Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

 RESOLUTION

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high 
 crimes and misdemeanors.

 Resolved, That Donald John Trump, President of the United States, 
is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors, and that the following 
articles of impeachment be exhibited to the Senate:
 Article of impeachment exhibited by the House of Representatives 
of the United States of America in the name of itself and of the people 
of the United States of America, against Donald John Trump, President 
of the United States of America, in maintenance and support of its 
impeachment against him for high crimes and misdemeanors.

 article i: obstruction of justice, violation of due process, and a 
 breach of the duty to faithfully execute laws

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, Article II 
of the Constitution states that the President ``shall take Care that 
the Laws be faithfully executed'', the Fourth Amendment of the 
Constitution states that ``The right of the people . . . against 
unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated'', and the 
Fifth Amendment of the Constitution states ``No person shall be . . . 
deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law''. 
In his conduct of the office of President of the United States--and in 
violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the 
office of President of the United States and, to the best of his 
ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United 
States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that 
the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the 
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of, 
the Constitution, in that:
 Using the power of his high office, Donald John Trump has engaged 
in this scheme or course of conduct through the following means:

    (1) By his orders and directions to subordinates, 
 obstructed the administration of justice and embarked on a 
 scheme to destroy and corrupt the legal system and the powers 
 of the courts under Article III of the Constitution. 
 Specifically, he has done the following:
        (A) Directed and permitted his subordinates and 
 attorneys at the Department of Justice to violate their 
 oaths to uphold the Constitution, laws of the United 
 States, and the rules of professional ethics by 
 adducing misleading and willfully false representations 
 to the courts of the United States, and to otherwise 
 abuse their official powers. Specifically, he has--
            (i) sought to dismiss, without prejudice 
 and under false pretenses, the bribery and 
 fraud charges against New York City Mayor Eric 
 Adams, in an unethical quid pro quo exchange 
 for the Defendant's cooperation with the 
 Administration's political priorities, thus 
 abusing the criminal laws to unconstitutionally 
 commandeer a State officer and unit of 
 government in violation of the sovereignty 
 thereof; and
            (ii) terminated and purged career 
 Department of Justice attorneys without 
 reasonable cause and in violation of the law in 
 retaliation for their legitimate investigatory 
 and prosecutorial work under prior 
 administrations, including in relation to the 
 January 6, 2021, attack on the United States 
 Capitol, and in retaliation for attorneys 
 upholding their ethical and legal obligations 
 including candor and honesty to the courts.
        (B) Directed and permitted the evasion and defiance 
 of binding court orders. Specifically, he has--
            (i) removed persons from the United States 
 to El Salvador despite an order from the United 
 States District Court for the District of 
 Columbia, for which said Court has found 
 probable cause that the Government committed 
 acts of criminal contempt;
            (ii) removed Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia 
 from the United States to El Salvador despite a 
 binding Withholding of Removal order 
 prohibiting the government from removing him to 
 El Salvador;
            (iii) defied court orders, upheld by a 
 unanimous ruling of the Supreme Court, to 
 facilitate the release of Mr. Abrego Garcia, 
 and related orders to provide information to 
 the court and opposing counsel, while publicly 
 flaunting their refusal;
            (iv) acted in contempt of court for 
 violating a court-sanctioned settlement 
 agreement; and
            (v) conducted enforced disappearances of 
 persons without due process and without 
 disclosing their fate and location to their 
 families and legal counsel, in violation of the 
 Constitution and the rulings of the Supreme 
 Court, as well as the foundational principles 
 of due process and the rule of law.
            (C) Directed and permitted the deliberate and 
 systematic violation of laws duly enacted by Congress. 
 Specifically, he has--
            (i) terminated Inspector Generals, the 
 officers responsible for detecting and 
 preventing waste by auditing and investigating 
 their respective agencies' operations and 
 personnel, in violation of the process 
 stipulated by the Inspector Generals Act of 
 1974, as subsequently amended;
            (ii) terminated a member of the Merit 
 Systems Protection Board, a tribunal created to 
 address widespread public concerns about the 
 Federal civil service; and
            (iii) unlawfully transmitted sensitive 
 personal information of private citizens and 
 government employees in violation of, among 
 other Federal laws, the Privacy Act and the 
 Administrative Procedure Act.
 In all of this, Donald John Trump has willfully disregarded 
Federal laws and the Constitution, imperiled a coequal branch of 
Government, and threatened the integrity of the democratic system. He 
thereby betrayed his trust as President, abused the powers of the 
Presidency, acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance 
and the rule of law, and has committed the High Crimes and Misdemeanors 
of obstruction of justice and effecting a wide-ranging scheme to 
destroy and corrupt the legal system and the powers of the courts under 
Article III of the Constitution.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article ii: usurpation of the appropriations power

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, 

Section 9 of 
Article I of the Constitution states that ``No money shall be drawn 
from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law''. 
In his conduct of the office of President of the United States--and in 
violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the 
office of President of the United States and, to the best of his 
ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United 
States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care that 
the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the 
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of, 
the Constitution, in that:
 Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump unlawfully 
usurped Congress and its power to appropriate funds, thereby nullifying 
the Appropriations Clause in the Constitution and violating the 
Impoundment Control Act of 1974. Since taking office, he has signed 
numerous Executive Orders directing agencies to withhold funds 
appropriated by Congress. The President does not have the power to 
override spending laws or impound appropriated funds, a principle 
affirmed by numerous Supreme Court rulings.
 Donald John Trump has withheld funds and terminated en masse 
Federal employees and numerous Federal agencies and departments, 
including the following:

    (1) Directed the dismantling of the Department of 
 Education. As enacted in the Department of Education 
 Organization Act, signed into law by President Jimmy Carter, 
 the Department of Education was established by Congress to 
 create reform in the education system throughout the country, 
 distribute Federal aid to students and places of learning, and 
 prohibit discriminatory practices. The President does not have 
 the authority to dismantle the Department of Education, and his 
 signing of Executive Order 14242, which aims to ``Improving 
 Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and 
 Communities'', violates the law and the Constitution.

    (2) Unlawfully directed the elimination of the United 
 States Agency for International Development

    (USAID) . As enacted 
 in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, signed into law by 
 President John F. Kennedy, USAID plays a crucial role in 
 delivering foreign assistance worldwide, including disaster 
 relief, conflict relief, combating global diseases, promoting 
 educational programs, and enhancing food security in developing 
 countries. By dismantling USAID and freezing foreign 
 assistance, he has severed the United States from its 
 humanitarian role as directed by Congress, leaving other 
 countries and potentially our adversaries to fill in the role 
 the United States has abandoned.

    (3) Created the so-called ``Department of Government 
 Efficiency

    (DOGE) '', which has imposed payment holds and 
 rescinded funds after disbursement. Donald John Trump has 
 utilized DOGE to unlawfully block or impound appropriated funds 
 to dozens of Federal agencies, including the National 
 Institutes of Health, the Federal Aviation Administration, and 
 the Department of Veterans Affairs. By impounding 
 congressionally appropriated funds, Donald John Trump and DOGE 
 have not only violated the law, but have negatively impacted 
 the American people by cutting jobs, halting critical services, 
 and rescinding grants for programs, in defiance of the express, 
 constitutionally binding will of Congress.
 Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has 
unlawfully withheld congressionally appropriated funds and attempted to 
dismantle congressionally mandated agencies. By withholding funds and 
crippling agencies, he has prevented the Federal Government from 
performing critical duties here and abroad. He has threatened the well-
being of United States citizens through the gross misconduct of his 
office, resulting in dire and life-threatening consequences on the 
world's most vulnerable populations.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article iii: abuse of trade powers and international aggression

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, 

Section 8 of 
Article I of the Constitution states, ``Congress shall have Power To 
lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, . . . but all 
Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United 
States''. In his conduct of the office of President of the United 
States--and in violation of his constitutional oath to faithfully to 
execute the office of President of the United States and, to the best 
of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the 
United States, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care 
that the laws be faithfully executed--Donald John Trump has abused the 
powers of the Presidency in a manner offensive to, and subversive of, 
the Constitution, in that:
 Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump abused trade 
powers by imposing unjustifiable and unreasonable tariffs on foreign 
nations, causing a sharp decline in the United States economy and the 
economies of countries around the world, and declaring the false 
existence of a national security emergency to justify his actions. 
Donald John Trump's tariffs contradicted trade agreements established 
by his Administration and other administrations, including the duly 
ratified and binding treaty obligations of the United States, thereby 
breaking international laws and norms, leading to countries around the 
world to enact damaging tariffs on goods and services originating from 
the United States. His ``Liberation Day'' scheme, which imposed 10 
percent tariffs on all countries, as well as additional tariffs based 
on a formula for ``reciprocity'' widely mocked as nonsensical, led to 
the most significant drop in the financial markets since the 2020 crash 
triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic.
 Additionally, Donald John Trump has threatened foreign nations with 
invasion, the annexation of territory, and the occupation of sovereign 
territory through the use of military action. By doing this, he has 
implicated the United States and himself in violation of 
constitutionally binding treaty obligations, to include the North 
Atlantic Treaty of 1949, the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as 
an Instrument of National Policy of 1928, the Charter of the United 
Nations of 1945, and the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance 
of 1947. Donald John Trump threatened the following:

    (1) Annexation of the sovereign country of Canada. Donald 
 John Trump has negatively impacted the deep and historic 
 relationship between the United States and Canada by stating 
 numerous times that Canada should become the 51st State, under 
 the threat of both economic coercion and military force.

    (2) Unlawful and aggressive military action within Mexico, 
 to include drone strikes and the use of special operations 
 military personnel, ostensibly against drug cartels, in 
 violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of that 
 country and without any congressional authorization to use 
 military force.

    (3) Annexation of Greenland, an autonomous territory in the 
 Kingdom of Denmark. Donald John Trump has continued to use 
 hostile language aimed at taking control of Greenland, stating 
 that the United States will ``go as far as we have to go'' to 
 obtain control of Greenland. He has refused to rule out 
 military action to gain control of the territory, in violation 
 of international law and despite Denmark's longstanding 
 alliance and friendly relations with the United States.

    (4) Annexation of the Panama Canal, owned and controlled by 
 Panama. During a joint session speech to Congress, Donald John 
 Trump stated that his Administration ``will be reclaiming the 
 Panama Canal''. He has refused to rule out military or economic 
 action against the sovereign country.

    (5) Annexation of the Gaza Strip, involving the forced 
 resettlement of the Palestinian population to the surrounding 
 countries. Donald John Trump has stated that the United States 
 ``will take over the Gaza Strip'' and ``own it''. His proposal 
 of taking over the Gaza Strip and the expulsion of its 
 population violates international law, including the Convention 
 on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 
 would be unconstitutional absent the approval of the United 
 States Congress, and is profoundly unserious in light of the 
 grave humanitarian situation and ongoing armed conflict in 
 Gaza.
 Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has 
unlawfully conducted himself, bringing shame and embarrassment to the 
office of the Presidency and the people of the United States. He has 
betrayed the trust of the Nation to conduct meaningful diplomatic 
negotiations as its chief diplomat and failed to maintain peaceful 
economic and defense relations with foreign countries. He has 
threatened the security of the United States through gross misconduct 
of his office, prompting hostilities towards Americans here and abroad, 
as well as foreign nations warning their citizens against visiting the 
United States, further harming the Nation's economy.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article iv: violation of first amendment rights

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, the First 
Amendment of the Constitution states ``Congress shall make no law 
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free 
exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; 
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the 
Government for a redress of grievances''. In his conduct of the office 
of President of the United States--and in violation of his 
constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of 
the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, 
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of 
his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully 
executed--Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in 
a manner offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
 By his orders and directions to subordinates, retaliated against 
law firms and attorneys who have advised or represented, or been 
associated with those who advise or represent, litigants who displease 
him, in violation of the Constitution's prohibition on retaliation 
against individuals for engaging in First Amendment-protected conduct, 
including the right to petition the government for redress of 
grievances. Specifically, he has, barred attorneys at certain law firms 
from access to Federal buildings, arbitrarily revoked security 
clearances without a reasonable basis, threatened to cancel Federal 
contracts with any entity engaging the targeted attorneys and firms, 
and demanded pro bono services from law firms in exchange for the 
discontinuation of the punitive Executive orders.
 Additionally, Donald John Trump has engaged in a pattern of 
unconstitutional, unlawful, and corrupt retaliation against critics and 
political opponents, a flagrant violation of constitutional rights 
protected by the First Amendment. He has weaponized the Department of 
Justice and other agencies to engage in spurious investigations and 
harassment, with no basis in law, of public figures and his perceived 
political enemies.
 Since taking office, Donald John Trump has directed the Department 
of Justice to dismiss more than a dozen prosecutors who were involved 
in investigations against him after he left office in 2021. The 
Department of Justice has subsequently launched investigations into 
officials involved in prior probes against Donald John Trump, in some 
cases against individuals specifically named and accused in flagrantly 
improper Executive orders.
 Furthermore, he has made direct and unambiguous public statements 
threatening media outlets, current and former officeholders, and 
advocacy organizations. He has pursued meritless litigation, leveraged 
his public office for private gain, and perverted the course of justice 
and the integrity of the judicial system to extract tens of millions of 
dollars in putative settlements, effectively acting as a conduit for 
flagrant bribery and extortion. He has restricted the access of the 
Associated Press after they refused to use the name ``Gulf of America'' 
in their reporting and has defied court orders to cease this 
unconstitutional action. He has also threatened current and former 
members of Congress for the exercise of their legislative and oversight 
functions, an attack on the independence of Congress as a coequal 
branch of government as established by the Constitution's Article I 
Vesting Clause, and by the Constitution's Speech or Debate Clause, in 
addition to the First Amendment.
 For example, Donald John Trump has repeatedly threatened members of 
the House Select Committee on the January 6th Attack on the United 
States Capitol, which investigated the attack on the Capitol that 
Donald John Trump instigated. Donald John Trump has sought to 
intimidate the members and staff of the United States House Select 
Committee on the January 6th Attack, stating that they ``should fully 
understand that they are subject to investigation at the highest 
level'' and expressing a desire to remove the pardons they received, 
stating ``The `Pardons' that Sleepy Joe Biden gave to the Unselect 
Committee of Political Thugs, and many others, are hereby declared 
[void, vacant, and of no further force or effect]''.
 Donald John Trump has made it clear that he will not rest until all 
of his perceived political enemies are eliminated. In a speech 
addressing his Department of Justice subordinates, Donald John Trump 
further laid out his fascist vision for the Department of Justice. He 
has targeted watchdog organizations like the Citizens for 
Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, calling them ``scum'' and 
independent media outlets like CNN and MSNBC, labelling them as 
organizations that ``literally write 97.6 percent bad about me, are 
political arms of the Democrat Party. And in my opinion, they are 
really corrupt and they are illegal. What they do is illegal.''. He has 
stated that newspapers critical of him are ``really no different than a 
highly paid political operative. And it has to stop. It has to be 
illegal. It's influencing judges . . . it just cannot be legal.''.
 By these and many other actions, he has sought to outlaw dissent, 
opposition, and criticism of himself and his Administration. This 
attack on the constitutional rights to freedom of speech, and of 
association, and of the right to petition the government for redress of 
grievances, is wholly incompatible with the rights and liberties of the 
People of the United States as a self-governing people under the rule 
of law.
 In purpose and effect, he has attempted to suppress dissent and 
opposition, casting a chilling effect over the public discourse, and 
striking at the core freedoms essential to a free society and 
democratic elections under the Constitution.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article v: creation of unlawful office

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, 

Section 2 of 
Article II of the Constitution states that the President ``shall 
appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the 
supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States . . . but 
the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, 
as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or 
in the Heads of Departments''. In his conduct of the office of 
President of the United States--and in violation of his constitutional 
oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of the United 
States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend 
the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his 
constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed--
Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in a manner 
offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
 Using the powers of his high office, Donald John Trump has, through 
unlawful orders and directives, created an unlawful office, the so-
called Department of Government Efficiency (``DOGE''), and assigned an 
extensive range of unlawful powers, effectively granting this 
flagrantly unconstitutional creation significant control over the 
executive branch. Donald John Trump has appointed Mr. Elon Musk as the 
de facto head of this contrived entity, which was not created or funded 
by any law, without a formal title or office. These actions have been 
in direct violation of the Constitution's requirement that principal 
officers of the United States must be created by law and their 
appointees confirmed by the Senate, and that inferior offices must be 
created by law with their appointment vested as Congress may determine.
 Additionally, he has vested these powers in Mr. Musk without 
complying with the constitutional requirement that all officers of the 
United States be commissioned by the President and swear an oath of 
office to support the Constitution. Mr. Musk has been designated as a 
special government employee of the White House Office, in violation of 
statutory authorization and restrictions on such designations. This 
false claim has also been used to commit violations of the ethics, 
disclosure, and conflict-of-interest laws applicable to government 
officers and regular employees.
 Contrary to the Government's claims in court, Mr. Musk has 
exercised de facto control over DOGE and, through it, control over a 
wide range of Government departments and agencies. This unmistakable 
reality has been repeatedly and openly stated by the Trump 
Administration, including by Donald John Trump's own address to 
Congress on March 4, 2025. In this capacity, Mr. Musk and his 
subordinates have undertaken numerous violations of the Constitution 
and laws, including by--

    (1) impoundment of funds appropriated by Congress;

    (2) violations of privacy and security laws with respect to 
 sensitive information systems, personally identifiable 
 information, and classified material; and

    (3) termination of government employees under false 
 pretenses and in violation of civil service laws.
 These actions have vastly exceeded the terms of the formal 
executive orders purporting to create DOGE under the direction of a 
``U.S. DOGE Service Administrator'', an office which remained vacant 
for several weeks, with the Government's own attorneys claiming in 
court that the official head of DOGE was unknown to them. Since that 
time, a nominal Administrator has been named, despite the repeated 
avowals from the President and his Administration that Mr. Musk 
controls and directs DOGE, as confirmed by ample public reporting and 
Mr. Musk's own statements.
 Donald John Trump has abused the powers of his high office and 
breached the public trust by establishing the so-called Department of 
Government Efficiency and unconstitutionally placing Mr. Musk in 
control of this entity, knowingly provided false testimony to the court 
regarding the leadership of the said entity, and directing the unlawful 
entity to implement his agenda, in violation of the Constitution's 
objective of establishing Justice and fundamental rules for how the 
executive branch of the United States is to be structured and how 
persons may be appointed to public office.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article vi: bribery and corruption

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, 

Section 9 of 
Article I of the Constitution states that ``no Person holding any 
Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the 
Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any 
kind whatever, from any . . . foreign State''. In his conduct of the 
office of President of the United States--and in violation of his 
constitutional oath to faithfully to execute the office of President of 
the United States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, 
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in violation of 
his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully 
executed--Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in 
a manner offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
 Donald John Trump has engaged in a pattern of unlawful corruption 
for the personal profit of himself and his associates, soliciting and 
accepting bribes in exchange for official actions, policy influence, 
and favorable treatment from the Administration. In so doing, he has, 
beyond a reasonable doubt, profiteered from public office on a scale 
unprecedented in American history.
 Donald John Trump has engaged in fraudulent con artist schemes 
through ``pump and dump'' or ``rug pull'' tactics for cryptocurrency 
tokens he has created, and at the same time, enabled a direct conduit 
for bribes paid to him in exchange for official actions.
 Donald John Trump has also leveraged the threat of hostile 
government action and the corresponding offer of preferential treatment 
in order to extract large payments in the form of settlements for 
meritless and vexatious litigation he pursues in his personal capacity, 
thereby corrupting both the executive branch and the judiciary. To 
advance this end, Donald John Trump solicited and received $940,000,000 
in pro bono services from prominent law firms to help causes he 
personally supports.
 Donald John Trump has refused to divest himself or take any steps 
to prevent conflicts of interest in his substantial personal business 
ventures, creating another conduit for the payment of bribes.
 Donald John Trump has permitted and encouraged his subordinates to 
violate laws regarding ethics, disclosures, and self-dealing, and 
through these actions, he has enabled and encouraged corruption and 
graft by his relatives, associates, and political allies.
 Donald John Trump has, in these ways and others, solicited payments 
from foreign governments for corrupt purposes and in flagrant violation 
of the Constitution's prohibition on foreign emoluments.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.

 article vii: tyranny

 The Constitution provides that the House of Representatives ``shall 
have the sole Power of Impeachment'' and that the President ``shall be 
removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, 
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors''. Further, the system 
of checks and balances, as well as the separation of powers, as defined 
in the Constitution, work to ensure that the Office of the President 
does not become tyrannical. In his conduct of the office of President 
of the United States--and in violation of his constitutional oath to 
faithfully to execute the office of President of the United States and, 
to the best of his ability, preserve, protect, and defend the 
Constitution of the United States, and in violation of his 
constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed--
Donald John Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency in a manner 
offensive to, and subversive of, the Constitution, in that:
 He has, by his actions and statements, sought to establish himself 
as tyrant, dictator, and autocrat over the People of the United States, 
usurping unto himself the constitutional powers of Congress, the 
courts, and the States, and powers illegitimate and beyond the scope of 
lawful government altogether.
 He has claimed for himself absolute and arbitrary power, the 
ability to suspend laws at whim, and utterly disregarded and betrayed 
his oath to faithfully execute the office of President of the United 
States and to preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the 
United States.
 He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United 
States to freedom of speech, and of assembly, and to petition the 
government for redress of grievances.
 He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United 
States to due process of law and equal protection under the laws, to 
fair and impartial independent courts, and to legal counsel.
 He has sought to intimidate and coerce, by means including the 
threat of unlawful prosecutions and by encouraging violence and threats 
of violence, the Representatives and Senators in Congress.
 He has denied and violated the separation of powers and the 
Constitution's system of checks and balances, arrogating unto himself 
the legislative and judicial powers, including the power of Congress to 
levy taxes, appropriate public funds, direct the organization of 
officers and agencies of the executive branch, and to make laws.
 He has sought to intimidate, coerce, and extort the officers of the 
several States, including those elected by the People thereof, and 
thereby sought to commandeer the several States, in violation of their 
sovereignty and the system of federalism established by the 
Constitution of the United States.
 He has sought to abrogate the citizenship clause of the 14th 
Amendment to the Constitution, by means including the issuance of an 
executive order that directs executive departments and agencies to 
withhold citizenship from certain classes of persons who are born 
within the United States.
 He has repeatedly threatened and suggested that he intends to 
violate the Presidential term limits established by the 22d Amendment 
to the Constitution, and adopted overtly monarchical aspirations and 
affectations, including by invoking and endorsing theories that he is 
above the law or that his personal will constitutes the law.
 In all of this, Donald John Trump has willfully disregarded Federal 
laws and the Constitution, imperiled a coequal branch of Government, 
and threatened the integrity of the democratic system. He thereby 
betrayed his trust as President, abused the powers of the Presidency, 
acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the 
rule of law, and has committed High Crimes and Misdemeanors in 
attempting to establish himself as a lawless tyrant to the manifest 
injury of the people of the United States.
 Wherefore, Donald John Trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated 
that he is unfit to govern a Nation by and for the people, has acted in 
a manner grossly incompatible with self-governance and the rule of law, 
and will remain a threat to the Constitution if allowed to remain in 
office.
 <all>