119-hr4325

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4325 Introduced in House

    (IH) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 H. R. 4325

 To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment of 
 standards to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel used by certain 
 vessels, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

 July 10, 2025

 Mr. Garcia of California (for himself, Ms. Barragan, Ms. Matsui, Ms. 
 Bonamici, Ms. Tlaib, and Mr. Cleaver) introduced the following bill; 
 which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for the establishment of 
 standards to limit the carbon intensity of the fuel used by certain 
 vessels, and for other purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Clean Shipping Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. MARINE GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STANDARD.

 The Clean Air Act is amended by inserting after 

section 212 (42 
U.S.C. 7546) the following:

``

SEC. 212A. MARINE GREENHOUSE GAS FUEL STANDARD.

 ``

    (a) 

=== Definitions. ===
-
 ``

    (1) Carbon dioxide-equivalent.--The term `carbon dioxide-
 equivalent' means the number of metric tons of carbon dioxide 
 emissions with the same global warming potential as 1 metric 
 ton of another greenhouse gas, as calculated using Equation A-1 
 in 

section 98.2

    (b) of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (as 
 in effect on the date of enactment of this section).
 ``

    (2) Carbon intensity.--The term `carbon intensity' means 
 the quantity of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions per unit of 
 fuel energy, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide-equivalent 
 per megajoule.
 ``

    (3) Carbon intensity baseline.--The term `carbon 
 intensity baseline' means the average carbon intensity of the 
 fuel used by all vessels on covered voyages in calendar year 
 2027.
 ``

    (4) Covered voyage.--The term `covered voyage' means any 
 voyage of a vessel for the purpose of transporting passengers 
 or cargo for commercial 

=== purposes ===
-
 ``
        (A) that is between any ports of call under the 
 jurisdiction of the United States; or
 ``
        (B) that is between a port of call under the 
 jurisdiction of the United States and a port of call 
 under the jurisdiction of a foreign country.
 ``

    (5) Greenhouse gas.--The term `greenhouse gas' means 
 carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, 
 perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
 ``

    (6) Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions.--The term 
 `lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions' has the meaning given the 
 term in 

section 211

    (o)

    (1) .
 ``

    (7) Port of call.--The term `port of call' means the port 
 where a vessel stops to load or unload cargo or to embark or 
 disembark passengers.
 ``

    (8) Vessel.--The term `vessel' means a vessel of 400 
 gross tonnage or more.
 ``

    (b) Marine Vessel Fuel Carbon Intensity Standards.--
 ``

    (1) Standards.--The Administrator shall, by regulation 
 and except as provided in paragraph

    (3) , require each vessel on 
 a covered voyage to comply with standards for the carbon 
 intensity of the fuel used by the vessel for propulsion and for 
 the operation of any onboard equipment so that the carbon 
 intensity is--
 ``
        (A) in each of calendar years 2030 through 2034, 
 at least 30 percent less than the carbon intensity 
 baseline;
 ``
        (B) in each of calendar years 2034 through 2039, 
 at least 58 percent less than the carbon intensity 
 baseline;
 ``
            (C) in each of calendar years 2040 through 2044, 
 at least 83 percent less than the carbon intensity 
 baseline;
 ``
            (D) in each of calendar years 2045 through 2049, 
 at least 92 percent less than the carbon intensity 
 baseline; and
 ``
        (E) in calendar year 2050 and each calendar year 
 thereafter, 100 percent less than the carbon intensity 
 baseline.
 ``

    (2) Promulgation of standards.--The Administrator shall 
 finalize--
 ``
        (A) the standard required by paragraph

    (1)
        (A) by 
 not later than January 1, 2029; and
 ``
        (B) the standards required by each of 
 subparagraphs
        (B) through
        (E) of paragraph

    (1) by not 
 later than 2 years before the respective standard goes 
 into effect.
 ``

    (3) Technological or economic feasibility.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--If the Administrator determines 
 that a reduction in carbon intensity required under 
 paragraph

    (1) is not technologically or economically 
 feasible by the applicable deadline under that 
 paragraph, the Administrator, in lieu of promulgating 
 the standard otherwise required by that paragraph, 
 shall promulgate a standard that will achieve the 
 maximum reduction in the carbon intensity of the fuel 
 used by vessels on covered voyages that is 
 technologically and economically feasible by the 
 applicable deadline.
 ``
        (B) Considerations.--In determining technological 
 and economic feasibility for purposes of subparagraph
        (A) , the Administrator shall take into account the net 
 reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases and the 
 potential adverse impacts on public health, safety, and 
 the environment, including with respect to air quality, 
 water quality, and the generation and disposal of solid 
 waste.
 ``

    (4) Harmonization with international standards.--If the 
 Administrator determines that standards mandated by the 
 International Maritime Organization for reduction of the carbon 
 intensity of fuel used by vessels for a calendar year are equal 
 to or more stringent than the standards under paragraph

    (1) for 
 that calendar year, the Administrator may adopt the standards 
 of the International Maritime Organization.
 ``

    (5) Exemption.--Any vessel that is on covered voyages for 
 30 days or fewer during a calendar year shall be exempt from 
 the standards promulgated under this subsection for that 
 calendar year.
 ``

    (6) Common ownership or control.--For purposes of 
 determining compliance with any standard established under this 
 subsection, the Administrator may allow the carbon intensity of 
 the fuels used by vessels under common ownership or control to 
 be averaged.
 ``

    (7) Overcompliance.--The Administrator may allow vessels 
 to credit overcompliance with any standard established under 
 this subsection towards demonstrating compliance with any 
 future standard under this subsection.
 ``
            (c) Monitoring and Reporting.--
 ``

    (1) List of methods.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall develop 
 a list of acceptable methods for monitoring and 
 reporting compliance with the standards established 
 under subsection

    (b) .
 ``
        (B) Consistency of methods.--The Administrator, 
 to the maximum extent practicable, shall ensure the 
 consistency of the methods included in the list 
 required under subparagraph
        (A) with similar reporting 
 schemes developed by the European Union and the 
 International Maritime Organization.
 ``

    (2) Annual reporting requirements.--For each calendar 
 year, the owner or operator of a vessel shall report to the 
 Administrator--
 ``
        (A) the carbon intensity of the fuel used for 
 each covered voyage of the vessel;
 ``
        (B) the amount of fuel used for each covered 
 voyage of the vessel; and
 ``
            (C) the total greenhouse gas emissions for all 
 covered voyages of the vessel, measured in carbon 
 dioxide-equivalent.
 ``

    (3) Annual report.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
 the end of each annual reporting period under paragraph

    (2) , the Administrator, in consultation with the 
 Secretary of Transportation and the Commandant of the 
 Coast Guard, shall publish on the website of the 
 Environmental Protection Agency a publicly accessible 
 report that--
 ``
            (i) compiles the data reported under 
 paragraph

    (2) ; and
 ``
            (ii) includes an explanation intended to 
 facilitate public understanding of--
 ``
            (I) the carbon dioxide-equivalent 
 emissions of vessels on covered 
 voyages; and
 ``
            (II) the carbon intensity of 
 fuels used by those vessels.
 ``
        (B) Republication.--Not later than 30 days after 
 the date on which the Administrator publishes the 
 publicly accessible report on the website of the 
 Environmental Protection Agency under subparagraph
        (A) each year, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
 publish a publicly accessible copy of that report on 
 the website of the Department of Transportation.
 ``
            (d) Enforcement.--The standards established under subsection

    (b) and the annual reporting requirements under subsection
            (c) (2) shall be 
considered an emission standard or limitation for purposes of 

section 304

    (a)

    (1) .''.

SEC. 3. IN-PORT MARINE VESSEL ZERO EMISSION STANDARDS.

 

Section 213 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7547) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
 ``

    (e) In-Port Marine Vessel Zero Emission Standards.--
 ``

    (1) Standards.--Except as provided in paragraph

    (2) and 
 not later than January 1, 2029, the Administrator shall 
 promulgate (and from time to time revise) standards to 
 eliminate, by not later than January 1, 2035, emissions of 
 greenhouse gases and air pollutants for which air quality 
 criteria have been issued under 

section 108 from vessels at 
 anchorage or at berth in the contiguous zone of the United 
 States (as described in Presidential Proclamation 7219 (43 
 U.S.C. 1331 note; 64 Fed. Reg. 48701, 49844)).
 ``

    (2) Exception.--If the Administrator determines that 
 standards required by paragraph

    (1) are not technologically or 
 economically feasible, the Administrator shall promulgate 
 standards that achieve the maximum reduction of the emissions 
 described in that paragraph from the vessels described in that 
 paragraph that is technologically and economically feasible.
 ``

    (3) Considerations.--In determining technological and 
 economic feasibility under paragraph

    (2) , the Administrator 
 shall take into account the net reduction of emissions of 
 greenhouse gases, the net reduction of emissions of air 
 pollutants for which air quality criteria have been issued 
 under 

section 108, and the potential adverse impacts on public 
 health, safety, and the environment, including with respect to 
 air quality, water quality, and the generation and disposal of 
 solid waste.''.
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