119-hr2326

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2326 Introduced in House

    (IH) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 H. R. 2326

To amend the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 
 1990 to improve the dietary guidelines, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

 March 25, 2025

 Mr. Jackson of Texas (for himself, Mr. Mann, Mr. Baird, Mr. Harris of 
 Maryland, and Mr. Bacon) introduced the following bill; which was 
 referred to the Committee on Agriculture

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

To amend the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 
 1990 to improve the dietary guidelines, and for other purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``Dietary Guidelines Reform Act of 
2025''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF DIETARY GUIDELINES.

    (a) In General.--

Section 301

    (a) of the National Nutrition 
Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341

    (a) ) is 
amended--

    (1) in paragraph

    (1) --
        (A) by striking the paragraph designation and 
 heading and all that follows through ``five years'' in 
 the first sentence and inserting the following:
 ``

    (1) In general.--At least every 10 years,''; and
        (B) by adding at the end the following: 
 ``Rulemaking requirements under 

section 553 of title 5, 
 United States Code, shall apply to the development of 
 each report under this paragraph.'';

    (2) by indenting paragraphs

    (2) and

    (3) appropriately;

    (3) in paragraph

    (2) , by striking ``shall'' and all that 
 follows through the period at the end and inserting the 
 following: ``shall--
 ``
        (A) be based on significant scientific agreement 
 that is determined by evidence-based review (as defined 
 in paragraph

    (9)
        (A) );
 ``
        (B) be current at the time that the report is 
 prepared;
 ``
            (C) be derived from the questions generated under 
 paragraph

    (5)
        (E) ;
 ``
            (D) address high-priority areas of concern to 
 advance health outcomes;
 ``
        (E) be designed to achieve nutritional adequacy 
 and promote health, as specified by the Food and 
 Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, 
 Engineering, and Medicine, through the consumption of 
 food, including nutrients and bioactive food components 
 occurring naturally and in fortified foods;
 ``
        (F) include nutritional and dietary information 
 relevant to individuals with common nutrition-related 
 chronic diseases, as defined by the Centers for Disease 
 Control and Prevention; and
 ``
        (G) include recommendations that are affordable, 
 available, and accessible for the general 
 population.'';

    (4) by redesignating paragraph

    (3) as paragraph

    (8) ;

    (5) by inserting after paragraph

    (2) the following:
 ``

    (3) Frequency.--The Secretaries may publish the report 
 required under paragraph

    (1) more frequently than required 
 under that paragraph if the Secretaries determine that more 
 frequent publication is necessary to promote health based on 
 updated dietary reference intake values specified by--
 ``
        (A) the Food and Nutrition Board of the National 
 Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
 ``
        (B) other relevant scientific advancements based 
 on continuous review of the totality of publicly 
 available scientific evidence.
 ``

    (4) Notification of update.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--Not later than 90 days before 
 the Secretaries plan to update a report under paragraph

    (1) , the Secretaries shall submit notification of that 
 plan, in writing, to the Committees on Agriculture, 
 Nutrition, and Forestry and Health, Education, Labor, 
 and Pensions of the Senate and the Committees on 
 Agriculture and Energy and Commerce of the House of 
 Representatives.
 ``
        (B) Justification.--The notification under 
 subparagraph
        (A) shall include a justification for 
 updating the report.
 ``

    (5) Independent advisory board.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
 Secretaries submit a notification under paragraph

    (4)
        (A) , the Secretaries shall establish an Independent 
 Advisory Board (referred to in this paragraph as the 
 `Board').
 ``
        (B) Members.--The Board shall comprise not more 
 than 8 members, of which--
 ``
            (i) 4 shall be appointed by the 
 Secretaries, 2 of whom shall not be Federal 
 employees; and
 ``
            (ii) 1 shall be appointed by each of the 
 highest-ranking Member on each Committee 
 described in paragraph

    (4)
        (A) of the opposite 
 political party of the President of the United 
 States.
 ``
            (C) Expertise.--Each member appointed to the 
 Board shall have expertise in nutrition science or food 
 science, including academic and applied experience.
 ``
            (D) Meetings.--
 ``
            (i) In general.--The first meeting of the 
 Board shall take place on or after the date 
 that is 90 days after the Secretaries submit a 
 notification under paragraph

    (4)
        (A) .
 ``
            (ii) Quorum.--A \6/8\ majority of the 
 members shall constitute a quorum for the 
 transaction of the business of the Board.
 ``
        (E) Duties.--Not later than 1 year after the 
 establishment of the Board, the Board shall submit to 
 the Secretaries and the Committees described in 
 paragraph

    (4)
        (A) a list of scientific questions based 
 on the proposed report under paragraph

    (1) , which 
 questions shall be used to inform the work of the 
 Secretaries on that report and any relevant work of the 
 Committees described in paragraph

    (4)
        (A) .
 ``
        (F) Termination.--The authority of the Board 
 shall terminate, and the Board shall disband, 
 immediately after carrying out subparagraph
        (E) .
 ``

    (6) Dietary reference intake updates.--
 ``
        (A) In general.--The Secretaries shall coordinate 
 with the Joint United States-Canada Dietary Reference 
 Intake Working Group to ensure that the Food and 
 Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, 
 Engineering, and Medicine update the dietary reference 
 intake values to represent the most up-to-date 
 understanding of nutritional science.
 ``
        (B) Updates.--The Joint United States-Canada 
 Dietary Reference Intake Working Group is encouraged--
 ``
            (i) to initiate at least 1 dietary 
 reference intake update per year; and
 ``
            (ii) to identify updates that are of 
 highest priority and necessitate review.
 ``

    (7) Exclusion.--The information and guidelines contained 
 in each report required under paragraph

    (1) shall not be based 
 on or include topics that are not relevant to dietary guidance, 
 as determined by the Secretaries, in consultation with the 
 Independent Advisory Board established under paragraph

    (5) , 
 including taxation, social welfare policies, purchases under 
 Federal feeding programs, food and agricultural production 
 practices, food labeling, socioeconomic status, race, religion, 
 ethnicity, culture, or regulations relating to nutrition.''; 
 and

    (6) by adding at the end the following:
 ``

    (9) Evidence-based review.--
 ``
        (A) Definition of evidence-based review.--In this 
 paragraph, the term `evidence-based review' means a 
 process under which--
 ``
            (i) the totality of the scientific 
 evidence relevant to a question of interest is 
 collected, analyzed, and evaluated;
 ``
            (ii) scientific studies, conclusions, and 
 recommendations are rated, adhering strictly to 
 standardized, generally accepted evidence-based 
 review methods; and
 ``
            (iii) external peer review is conducted 
 by nongovernment experts with recognized 
 expertise in quality-of-evidence evaluation.
 ``
        (B) Strength of evidence.--Each guideline 
 contained in a report published under paragraph

    (1) shall be assigned a rating by the Secretaries for the 
 strength of evidence used, including the extent to 
 which the guideline will improve the Healthy Eating 
 Index.
 ``

    (10) Transparency.--
 ``
        (A) Disclosure.--Any individual appointed to the 
 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee or an Independent 
 Advisory Board established under paragraph

    (5) shall 
 provide full disclosure of all financial and 
 nonfinancial conflicts of interest relevant to their 
 membership using the Office of Government Ethics Form 
 450 (or successor form).
 ``
        (B) Publication.--Notwithstanding any other 
 provision of law, not later than 30 days after the date 
 on which a Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee is 
 established, the Secretaries shall make publicly 
 available--
 ``
            (i) the disclosures required under 
 subparagraph
        (A) , categorized by the name of 
 the individual; and
 ``
            (ii) a detailed plan for managing any 
 disclosed conflicts of interest, including 
 financial or ethical conflicts of interest, 
 preferences, values, and beliefs.
 ``

    (11) Funding.--Of the funds made available by 

section 32 
 of the Act of August 24, 1935 (7 U.S.C. 612c), the Secretary of 
 Agriculture shall make available to carry out this subsection 
 $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029, to 
 remain available until expended.''.

    (b) Controlling Report.--The 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans 
published by the Secretaries under 

section 301

    (a)

    (1) of the National 
Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
5341

    (a)

    (1) ) (as in effect before the date of enactment of this Act) 
shall be considered the most recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans 
until the publication of the first report under that section (as 
amended by subsection

    (a) ).
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