119-hr2250

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2250 Introduced in House

    (IH) ]

<DOC>

119th CONGRESS
 1st Session
 H. R. 2250

 To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other 
 purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

 March 21, 2025

 Ms. DelBene (for herself, Mr. Newhouse, Ms. Schrier, Ms. Perez, Ms. 
 Randall, Mr. Smith of Washington, Mr. Larsen of Washington, and Ms. 
 Strickland) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
 Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the 
 Committee on Natural Resources, for a period to be subsequently 
 determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
 provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

 A BILL

 To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other 
 purposes.

 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

 This Act may be cited as the ``National Landslide Preparedness Act 
Reauthorization Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS UNDER FLOOD LEVEL OBSERVATION, OPERATIONS, 
 AND DECISION SUPPORT ACT.

    (a) 

=== Definitions. ===
-

Section 12

    (a) of the Flood Level Observation, 
Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707

    (a) ) is amended--

    (1) by redesignating paragraphs

    (1) and

    (2) as paragraphs

    (4) and

    (5) , respectively; and

    (2) by inserting before paragraph

    (4) (as so redesignated) 
 the following:
 ``

    (1) Atmospheric river.--The term `atmospheric river' 
 means a transient corridor of strong water vapor in the 
 atmosphere that--
 ``
        (A) produces significant quantities of rain or 
 snow; and
 ``
        (B) may be primarily beneficial to the water 
 supply or hazardous due to flooding.
 ``

    (2) Atmospheric river flooding event.--The term 
 `atmospheric river flooding event' means an atmospheric river 
 that--
 ``
        (A) results in flooding of rivers and streams or 
 other hazards to human life, property, or the economy; 
 and
 ``
        (B) is of particular concern to human health, 
 property, and the economy, as determined by the 
 Secretary of Commerce.
 ``

    (3) Extreme precipitation event.--The term `extreme 
 precipitation event' means precipitation quantities exceeding 
 the 5-year annual recurrence interval for a specific 
 location.''.

    (b) Requirements.--

Section 12
            (d) (1) of the Flood Level Observation, 
Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707
            (d) (1) ) is amended 
by inserting ``, such as precipitation resulting from hurricanes, 
atmospheric river flooding events, and extreme precipitation events'' 
before the period at the end.

SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION OF NATIONAL LANDSLIDE PREPAREDNESS ACT.

    (a) 

=== Definitions. ===
-

Section 2 of the National Landslide Preparedness 
Act (43 U.S.C. 3101) is amended--

    (1) by redesignating paragraphs

    (4) through

    (12) as 
 paragraphs

    (7) ,

    (8) ,

    (10) ,

    (11) ,

    (13) ,

    (14) ,

    (15) , and

    (16) , 
 respectively;

    (2) by inserting after paragraph

    (3) the following:
 ``

    (4) Atmospheric river.--The term `atmospheric river' has 
 the meaning given the term in 

section 12

    (a) of the Flood Level 
 Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 
 9707

    (a) ).
 ``

    (5) Atmospheric river flooding event.--The term 
 `atmospheric river flooding event' has the meaning given the 
 term in 

section 12

    (a) of the Flood Level Observation, 
 Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707

    (a) ).
 ``

    (6) Extreme precipitation event.--The term `extreme 
 precipitation event' has the meaning given the term in 

section 12

    (a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision 
 Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707

    (a) ).'';

    (3) by inserting after paragraph

    (8) , as so redesignated, 
 the following:
 ``

    (9) Institution of higher education.--The term 
 `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
 term in 

section 101

    (a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
 U.S.C. 1001

    (a) ).'';

    (4) by inserting after paragraph

    (11) , as so redesignated, 
 the following:
 ``

    (12) Native hawaiian organization.--The term `Native 
 Hawaiian organization' has the meaning given the term in 
 

section 6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517), except that the term includes the 
 Department of Hawaiian Home Lands and the Office of Hawaiian 
 Affairs.''; and

    (5) by adding at the end the following:
 ``

    (17) Tribal organization.--The term `Tribal organization' 
 has the meaning given the term in 

section 4 of the Indian Self-
 Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).''.

    (b) National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program.--

    (1) Establishment.--

Section 3

    (a)

    (3) of the National 
 Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102

    (a)

    (3) ) is amended by 
 striking ``protect'' and inserting ``contribute to 
 protecting''.

    (2) Program activities.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (1)
            (C) 
            (ii) of the 
 National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 
 3102

    (b)

    (1)
            (C) 
            (ii) ) is amended by striking ``implement'' and 
 inserting ``disseminate''.

    (3) National strategy.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (2) of the National 
 Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102

    (b)

    (2) ) is amended--
        (A) by redesignating subparagraphs
        (A) through
            (C) as clauses
            (i) through
            (iii) , respectively, and 
 indenting appropriately;
        (B) in the matter preceding clause
            (i) (as so 
 redesignated), by striking ``Not later than'' and 
 inserting the following:
 ``
        (A) In general.--Not later than''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
 ``
        (B) Assessment.--For purposes of the first 
 national strategy published after the date of enactment 
 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act 
 Reauthorization Act of 2025 under subparagraph
        (A) , the 
 Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of 
 Commerce, shall include an assessment of the risks that 
 atmospheric river flooding events and extreme 
 precipitation events pose to the safety of life and 
 property in the United States with respect to landslide 
 hazards.''.

    (4) National landslide hazards database.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 
 3102

    (b)

    (3) ) is amended--
        (A) by redesignating subparagraphs
            (C) and
            (D) as 
 subparagraphs
            (D) and
        (E) , respectively; and
        (B) by inserting after subparagraph
        (B) the 
 following:
 ``
            (C) the identification of areas in need of 
 additional hazard risk assessment, including areas that 
 may be at risk due to--
 ``
            (i) hydrology or changes in hydrology 
 that may include erosion, drought, or other 
 characteristics that could impact landslide 
 risk;
 ``
            (ii) atmospheric river flooding events 
 and extreme precipitation events, as identified 
 by the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary;
 ``
            (iii) geologic activity, such as volcanic 
 eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis; or
 ``
            (iv) data-poor areas or hazards with poor 
 monitoring that could contribute to increased 
 landslide risk;''.

    (5) Landslide hazard and risk preparedness for 
 communities.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (4) of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102

    (b)

    (4) ) is amended--
        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph
        (A) , by 
 inserting ``Native Hawaiian organizations and other 
 stakeholders, as appropriate,'' before ``and Indian 
 tribes'';
        (B) in subparagraph
        (A) --
            (i) in the matter preceding clause
            (i) , by 
 striking ``local, and Tribal governments and 
 decisionmakers'' and inserting ``and local 
 governments, Indian tribes, Tribal 
 organizations, Native Hawaiian organizations, 
 and other decisionmakers'';
            (ii) by striking clause
            (iii) and inserting 
 the following:
 ``
            (iii) health and safety with respect to 
 landslides;'';
            (iii) by redesignating clause
            (iv) as 
 clause
            (v) ; and
            (iv) by inserting after clause
            (iii) the 
 following:
 ``
            (iv) reducing losses from landslides, 
 including the threats caused by atmospheric 
 rivers and other extreme precipitation events; 
 and''; and
            (C) in subparagraph
        (B) --
            (i) in clause
            (i) , by striking ``local, and 
 Tribal officials'' and inserting ``and local 
 officials, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, 
 and Native Hawaiian organizations''; and
            (ii) in clause
            (ii) , by striking ``local, 
 and Tribal emergency managers'' and inserting 
 ``and local emergency managers and emergency 
 managers of Indian tribes, Tribal 
 organizations, and Native Hawaiian 
 organizations''.

    (6) Debris flow early warning system.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (5) of 
 the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102

    (b)

    (5) ) 
 is amended--
        (A) in subparagraph
        (B) , by striking ``State, 
 territorial, local, and Tribal governments'' and 
 inserting ``State, territorial, and local governments, 
 Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native 
 Hawaiian organizations'';
        (B) by redesignating subparagraphs
        (A) through
            (C) as clauses
            (i) through
            (iii) , respectively, and 
 indenting appropriately;
            (C) in the matter preceding clause
            (i) (as so 
 redesignated), by striking ``In carrying out'' and 
 inserting the following:
 ``
        (A) In general.--In carrying out''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
 ``
        (B) Consultation.--In carrying out subparagraph
        (A) , the Secretary may consult with an institution of 
 higher education described in subsection
            (d) (2)
        (B)
            (iv) and other stakeholders to establish and support 
 emergency response procedures, as appropriate.''.

    (7) Emergency response activities.--

Section 3

    (b)

    (6) of the 
 National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102

    (b)

    (6) ) is 
 amended--
        (A) by redesignating subparagraphs
        (A) through
            (C) as clauses
            (i) through
            (iii) , respectively, and 
 indenting appropriately;
        (B) in the matter preceding clause
            (i) (as so 
 redesignated), by striking ``In carrying'' and 
 inserting the following:
 ``
        (A) In general.--In carrying'';
            (C) in subparagraph
        (A) (as so designated)--
            (i) in the matter preceding clause
            (i) (as 
 so redesignated), by inserting ``Native 
 Hawaiian organizations,'' before ``and Indian 
 tribes'';
            (ii) in clause
            (ii) (as so redesignated), 
 by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (iii) in clause
            (iii) (as so redesignated), 
 by striking the period at the end and inserting 
 ``; and''; and
            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
 ``
            (iv) to improve real-time risk management 
 during landslide events, including with respect 
 to landslide events caused by--
 ``
            (I) hydrology or changes in 
 hydrology that may include erosion, 
 drought, or other characteristics that 
 could impact landslide risk;
 ``
            (II) atmospheric river flooding 
 events and extreme precipitation 
 events, as identified by the Secretary 
 of Commerce and the Secretary;
 ``
            (III) geologic activity, such as 
 volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or 
 tsunamis;
 ``
            (IV) data-poor areas or hazards 
 with poor monitoring that could 
 contribute to increased landslide risk; 
 or
 ``
            (V) thawing permafrost and 
 glacial retreat causing destabilization 
 of slopes.''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
 ``
        (B) Consultation.--In carrying out subparagraph
        (A) , the Secretary may consult with an institution of 
 higher education described in subsection
            (d) (2)
        (B)
            (iv) and the private sector.''.

    (8) Interagency coordinating committee on landslide 
 hazards.--

Section 3
            (c) (2) of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102
            (c) (2) ) is amended by adding at 
 the end the following:
 ``
        (J) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
 and Space Administration.''.

    (9) Advisory committee.--

Section 3
            (d) (2)
        (B) of the National 
 Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102
            (d) (2)
        (B) ) is 
 amended--
        (A) in clause
            (iii) , by striking ``geological''; 
 and
        (B) in clause
            (vi) , by striking ``local, and Tribal 
 emergency management agencies'' and inserting ``and 
 local emergency management agencies and emergency 
 management agencies of Indian tribes and Native 
 Hawaiian organizations''.

    (10) Regional partnerships.--

Section 3 of the National 
 Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended--
        (A) by redesignating subsections

    (e) through
            (i) as 
 subsections

    (f) through

    (j) , respectively; and
        (B) by inserting after subsection
            (d) the 
 following:
 ``

    (e) Regional Partnerships.--
 ``

    (1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
 enactment of the National Landslide Preparedness Act 
 Reauthorization Act of 2025, the Secretary shall establish in 
 the State of Alaska and other regions, as the Secretary 
 determines to be appropriate, a regional partnership with an 
 eligible partner described in paragraph

    (2) .
 ``

    (2) Eligible partners.--An organization or institution of 
 higher education with expertise in landslide mapping, research, 
 and monitoring shall be eligible for a regional partnership 
 under paragraph

    (1) .
 ``

    (3) Purposes and duties.--A regional partnership 
 established under paragraph

    (1) shall--
 ``
        (A) allow the Secretary to leverage applicable 
 expertise in regional organizations;
 ``
        (B) coordinate long-term landslide research 
 specific to the applicable region; and
 ``
            (C) align interagency landslide monitoring 
 efforts.''.

    (11) Grant programs.--

Section 3 of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in paragraph

    (1) of subsection

    (f) (as so redesignated)--
        (A) in subparagraph
        (A)
            (i) , by striking ``local, 
 and Tribal governments to research, map, assess'' and 
 inserting ``and local governments, Indian tribes, 
 Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations 
 to research, map, assess, monitor'';
        (B) in subparagraph
        (B) --
            (i) in clause
            (i) , by inserting 
 ``institutions of higher education described in 
 subsection
            (d) (2)
        (B)
            (iv) ,'' before ``and Indian 
 tribes''; and
            (ii) in clause
            (ii) --
            (I) by redesignating subclauses
            (II) through
            (IV) as subclauses
            (III) through
            (V) , respectively; and
            (II) by inserting after subclause
            (I) the following:
 ``
            (II) in regions that have 
 recently experienced loss of life due 
 to landslides;''; and
            (C) in subparagraph
            (C) --
            (i) in clause
            (i) , by inserting ``awarded'' 
 after ``grants''; and
            (ii) in clause
            (ii) , by striking ``made'' 
 and inserting ``or other accomplishments 
 resulting''.

    (12) Significant events.--

Section 3 of the National 
 Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in 
 subsection

    (h)

    (3) (as so redesignated), by striking ``local, 
 and Tribal partners'' and inserting ``and local partners, 
 Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian 
 organizations''.

    (13) Funding.--

Section 3 of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in subsection
            (i) (as so redesignated)--
        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph

    (1) , by 
 striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''; and
        (B) in paragraph

    (1) , by striking ``there is 
 authorized to be appropriated to the United States 
 Geological Survey, $25,000,000 to carry out this 
 section'' and inserting ``from amounts appropriated or 
 otherwise made available to the United States 
 Geological Survey, $35,000,000 shall be used to carry 
 out this section, of which not less than $10,000,000 
 shall be used for the purchase, deployment, and repair 
 of landslide early warning systems in high risk 
 areas''.
            (c) 3D Elevation Program.--

    (1) Establishment.--

Section 5

    (a) of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104

    (a) ) is amended--
        (A) in paragraph

    (1)
        (A) , by inserting ``and 
 derivative'' after ``3D elevation''; and
        (B) in paragraph

    (2)
        (B)
            (i) , by inserting ``, 
 process, and integrate'' after ``acquire''.

    (2) 3D elevation federal interagency coordinating 
 committee.--

Section 5

    (b)

    (3) of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104

    (b)

    (3) ) is amended--
        (A) by redesignating subparagraphs
            (D) and
        (E) as 
 subparagraphs
        (E) and
        (F) , respectively; and
        (B) by inserting after subparagraph
            (C) the 
 following:
 ``
            (D) the 3D Hydrography Program Working Group;''.

    (3) Grants and cooperative agreements.--

Section 5
            (d) (3) of 
 the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104
            (d) (3) ) 
 is amended by striking ``publically'' and inserting 
 ``publicly''.

    (4) Funding.--

Section 5

    (e) of the National Landslide 
 Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104

    (e) ) is amended by striking 
 ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''.
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